"Atmospheric Thermodynamic Circulation" Atmosphere on Earth PPT Courseware

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"Atmospheric Thermodynamic Circulation" Atmosphere on Earth PPT Courseware

Part One Content: Curriculum Standards:

Use schematic diagrams, etc. to illustrate the principles of thermodynamic circulation and explain related phenomena.

Literacy goals:

1. Understand the thermal circulation in different areas through the heating conditions of the underlying surface and isobaric surface diagrams at different locations. (regional awareness)

2. Use isobaric surface diagrams to comprehensively analyze the causes and effects of thermodynamic circulation. (comprehensive thinking)

3. Understand the impact of human activities on atmospheric movement through urban heat island circulation. (Coordinated view of man and earth) 4. Use the principle of thermodynamic circulation to explain relevant geographical phenomena in daily life. (geographical practice)

Atmospheric Thermodynamic Circulation PPT, Part 2: Essential Knowledge and Literacy Foundation

1. The formation of atmospheric thermodynamic circulation

1. Atmospheric movement:

(1) Production process: The differential distribution of solar radiation on the earth's surface causes _____ differences in different regions, and leads to _____ differences between regions in the horizontal direction, causing atmospheric movement.

(2) Type and performance.

2. Thermodynamic circulation:

(1) Cause: Ground _________.

(2) Formation process.

①Vertical movement.

② Horizontal movement.

[Discriminate]Determine whether the following statements are true or false.

①The air pressure value in the vertical direction is always greater near the ground than high in the sky. ( )

②The horizontal movement of airflow is caused by the difference in air pressure on the same horizontal plane. ( )

③The movement of the atmosphere is wind. ( )

④Air can also flow from low pressure to high pressure. ( )

2. Atmospheric thermodynamic circulation in nature

1. Valley wind: In mountainous areas with clear weather, the wind direction changes in the opposite direction. The air _____ from the valley along the hillside, forming valley breeze, and the air flows along the hillside to the valley, forming _____.

2. Sea and land breeze: The wind direction in _____ area changes reversely during the day and night. Daytime is _____ and nighttime is _____.

3. Urban heat island circulation: The urban population is concentrated and the industries are developed. Residential life, industrial production and transportation release a large amount of _____ every day, causing the temperature in the city to _____ the suburbs, forming an "urban heat island".

[Question] Why does the daily temperature range in coastal areas so small?

Tip: Winds blow from the ocean during the day in coastal areas, lowering temperatures on land.

Atmospheric Thermodynamic Circulation PPT, Part 3: Formation of Key Abilities and Competencies

Capability: Causes of Thermodynamic Circulation

1. Formation of thermodynamic circulation:

The air circulation formed due to uneven cold and heat on the ground is called thermodynamic circulation. The formation process of thermodynamic circulation is shown in the figure below:

To understand the formation of thermodynamic circulation, the key is to grasp the relationship between the following two points:

(1) Temperature and pressure relationship: (Combined with the three diagrams A, B, and C in the above figure).

(2) Wind pressure relationship: In the horizontal direction, wind always blows from high pressure to low pressure (as shown in ①②③④ in the figure).

2. Several common forms of thermodynamic circulation:

Thermodynamic circulation is a common natural phenomenon. Differences in thermal properties between sea and land, uneven heating of valleys and hillsides, and human activities may all lead to the formation of thermodynamic circulation. The specific analysis is as follows:

(1) Sea and land breeze.

(2) Valley wind.

(3) Urban heat island circulation.

3. The "high convex and low concave" rule of isobaric surfaces:

Due to the uneven cold and heat of the ground, air pressure differences appear on the same horizontal surface, and the isobaric surface is curved. That is, the isobaric surface is convex to the sky for high pressure, and the concave surface is low pressure. It can be vividly remembered as "high convex and low concave". , as shown in the figure below:

[Typical example demonstration]

(2019·Jiangsu College Entrance Examination) The picture below shows the "Diurnal variation curve of multi-year average concentration of urban atmospheric PM2.5 and SO2 in East China and Northeast China". The urban atmospheric PM2.5 concentration in the two regions generally decreases after 10 o'clock. The main reason is ()

A. Reduction in outdoor activities is conducive to the deposition of pollutants

B. Increased precipitation frequency is beneficial to air purification

C. The heat island effect is enhanced, which is conducive to the diffusion of pollutants

D. Reduced vehicle traffic and reduced exhaust emissions

[Ideas] To answer this question, we mainly need to grasp two key points:

(1) According to the legend, interpret the urban atmosphere change trends in the two regions.

(2) Know the formation and impact of the urban heat island effect.

[Analysis] Choose C. The concentration of PM 2.5 gradually decreased after 10:00. It is possible that the ground temperature gradually increased. As the temperature increased, the gas expanded due to heat and the heat island effect increased. As the gas rises, it takes away pollutants, which is conducive to the decrease in PM 2.5 concentration. The decrease in concentration has nothing to do with the decrease in outdoor activities. The material does not mention an increase in the frequency of precipitation. And rainfall does not occur only after 10:00. The reduction in vehicle traffic will only keep the PM 2.5 concentration relatively stable, rather than decreasing.

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Update Time: 2024-06-29

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