"Infectious Diseases and Their Prevention" PPT download

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"Infectious Diseases and Their Prevention" PPT download

Article source: "Political Science Research" 2003 Issue 3

At the end of 2002, SARS appeared in Guangdong Province and rapidly spread to other parts of my country in the following months, developing into a relatively serious natural disaster. In some local areas, SARS has also evolved into a social crisis. For example, in areas with severe epidemics such as Guangdong and Beijing, social panic phenomena such as skyrocketing prices, panic buying, and large-scale transfers of people once occurred.

SARS In the global SARS epidemic, my country has suffered the most severe damage. As of August 16, 2003, there were 8,437 SARS patients and 814 deaths worldwide. There were 5,327 patients in mainland my country, accounting for 63.14% of the total number of patients; 349 people died, accounting for 42.8% of the deaths.

Why did SARS bring such panic to society at that time?

SARS, or atypical pneumonia, is a highly contagious respiratory infectious disease caused by a mutated coronavirus.

learning target

Knowledge goal:

1. Be able to give examples of the causes, transmission routes and preventive measures of infectious diseases.

2. Common parasites, bacterial infectious diseases and viral infectious diseases will be listed.

3. Know the general knowledge about AIDS and know how to care for and help AIDS patients.

Competency goals:

When faced with common infectious diseases, take the correct precautions to protect yourself.

Emotion goal:

1. Cultivate students to develop good hygiene habits by understanding the dangers and transmission routes of infectious diseases.

2. Know how to get along with people with infectious diseases actively and correctly, and to care for and help people with infectious diseases.

Study guide

Analyzing data-----common ways to obtain information

Prerequisite: Read carefully what problem you want to solve.

Tips: The information to solve the problem must be hidden in the materials, and you must dig out the key words with a keen eye.

Method: independent inquiry + group cooperation

Data analysis 1: Influenza (influenza for short) is a highly contagious acute infectious disease caused by influenza viruses. There are large amounts of influenza viruses in the nasal discharge, saliva and sputum of influenza patients. When patients with influenza speak, cough, or sneeze, a large number of droplets containing influenza viruses will be ejected from the nasopharynx. The droplets are suspended in the air. After people around them inhale this virus-containing air, they may become infected. Get the flu. You can catch the flu through contact with someone who has the flu and their supplies. Compared with young adults, the elderly and children are more susceptible to influenza.

Data analysis 2: Tableware and chopsticks used by hepatitis patients should be separated from those of family members, otherwise family members may be easily infected with hepatitis. Tableware in restaurants must be strictly disinfected, otherwise customers may easily be infected with diseases such as hepatitis, influenza, and bacterial dysentery.

Apply what you learn

1. In a certain family, the elder brother contracted influenza and passed it on to his younger brother, who in turn passed it on to his classmates.

2. After a mosquito bites malaria patient A, it bites patient B again, and patient B also suffers from malaria.

Please analyze:

1. The source of infection that caused my brother’s illness is ( )

2. Before the younger brother was infected, he was ( )

3. The main routes of influenza transmission are ( )

4. Mosquitoes play a role in the spread of malaria ( )

1. Which of the following diseases are all infectious diseases ( )

A. Stomach disease, atypical pneumonia, tuberculosis

B. Schistosomiasis, neuritis, gonorrhea

C. AIDS, influenza, ascariasis

D. Chickenpox, gastric cancer, mad cow disease

2. When a family member is suffering from hepatitis, in order to cut off the transmission route, they should ( )

A. Isolate and treat the patient thoroughly B. Disinfect the patient’s tableware

C. Don’t spit D. Get rid of blood-sucking insects

3. Vaccination is one of the measures to prevent infectious diseases ( )

A. Control the source of infection B. Protect susceptible groups

C. Cut off the transmission channels D. Control the transmission media

4. A large number of "four pests" are eliminated. From the analysis of measures to prevent infectious diseases, it belongs to ( )

A. Control the source of infection B. Protect susceptible groups

C. Cut off the transmission route D. None of the above

Social hot links

Control sources of infection

When the epidemic broke out in Fuxin City and Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province, the local government organized agriculture, health and other departments to take the following measures in accordance with relevant national regulations:

1. Cull a total of 500,000 poultry within 3 kilometers of the epidemic site.

2. Seal a 5-kilometer radius around the epidemic sites in both places, prohibit the export of any poultry food, and disinfect all people and vehicles entering and leaving the epidemic areas. A series of prevention and control measures.

after class homework:

Complete a biology newsletter

Spring is the season when infectious diseases occur most frequently, so what infectious diseases are most likely to occur in spring? How to prevent it? Please collect relevant information, create a biology tabloid, and do a good job of publicity in classes, schools and other places.

meningitis

After being infected by Neisseria meningitidis, only a few people will become ill, while most people only have symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection and will recover without treatment. This is because the meningococci do not enter the bloodstream and only infect the upper respiratory tract mucosa. Although these people are asymptomatic or have mild symptoms, they can still serve as sources of infection and transmit the germs to others. The most important measures to prevent meningococcal meningitis in winter and spring are to frequently dry clothes, bedding, and bask in the sun. The windows in the room should be frequently opened for ventilation to keep the room sunny and fresh. During the epidemic season, parents should not take their children to crowded public places, let alone visit the homes of patients. Add or remove clothes for your children at any time according to changes in the weather forecast. Injection of meningococcal vaccine has a preventive effect. Children aged 6 months to 15 years old are easily infected by meningococcal meningitis and need to be protected by vaccination. The first dose is given to babies when they are 6 months old, and the second dose is given to babies under 3 years old. After the patient is discovered, he should be sent to the hospital for isolation and treatment in time. Another shot is given every three years. Vaccination should be completed before the epidemic season.

Poliomyelitis (poliomyelitis)

Poliomyelitis is an acute infectious disease caused by a virus. Most of the patients are children, so it is also called poliomyelitis. Symptoms often include fever and pain in the limbs. The main lesions are in the nervous system, so limb paralysis often occurs after the disease. One of the main ways polio is transmitted is through feces. Therefore, the main way to prevent this infectious disease is to take vaccines, regularly improve environmental hygiene, eliminate flies, and develop good personal hygiene habits.

chicken pox

Chickenpox is more common in winter and spring, and most patients are children aged 1-4 years old. After infection, most patients develop fever, general malaise and cough, like a cold. A day later, a rash appeared. The rash first appears on the body, and gradually spreads to the head, face, and limbs, but the rash is less common on the hands and feet. The rash starts out as red macules, and later turns into herpes, which then scabs and then heals gradually. The infectious period of chickenpox is from 2-5 days before the rash appears until the herpes scabs all over the body. If a child who has long-term use of adrenal hormones to treat other diseases is exposed to chickenpox, he should be injected with gamma globulin and the hormone dosage should be appropriately reduced and observed. If such a child gets chickenpox, regardless of the severity of the condition, he should go to the hospital immediately for diagnosis and treatment. Chickenpox is highly contagious. The varicella virus is present in the respiratory secretions, herpes fluid and blood of children. It can be transmitted through droplets or contact with blister fluid. The vast majority of chickenpox cases are very mild. New chickenpox usually stops appearing in about a week. After scab formation and scab removal, complete recovery can occur in 2-3 weeks.

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