"The Main Element Composing Fuel—Carbon" Fuel PPT Courseware

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"The Main Element Composing Fuel—Carbon" Fuel PPT Courseware

Amorphous carbon:

Note: "Carbon" means element,

"Charcoal" refers to a specific substance composed of carbon elements.

Reasons for the different physical properties of diamond and graphite:

Carbon atoms are arranged in different ways.

Small information

With the development of science and technology, new forms of carbon elements are gradually discovered. Among them, C60 and "carbon nanotubes" have made important progress, in addition to C50, C70, etc.

The C60 molecule is composed of 60 carbon atoms. The molecule is shaped like a football, also known as "football ene". This football-structured molecule is very stable. Its application in research work on materials science, superconductors, etc. has made significant progress.

Chemical properties of carbon:

1. At room temperature, the chemical properties are very inactive;

2. As the temperature rises, mobility is greatly enhanced.

At high temperatures, carbon can react with many substances.

(1) Reaction of carbon and oxygen:

1. Sufficient oxygen produces carbon dioxide

2. Insufficient oxygen produces carbon monoxide

Based on the above two reactions, what measures can you think of to protect the environment?

1. Reduce the burning of carbon-containing fuels and develop new energy sources such as solar energy and wind energy;

2. Plant trees and prohibit deforestation;

3. Strengthen ventilation to ensure full combustion of fuel (such as installing chimneys, induced draft fans, etc.).

4. Elevate the firewood or crush the fuel to fully burn the fuel;

5. Improve the structure of the furnace or automobile engine to fully burn the fuel.

(2) Reaction of carbon and carbon dioxide

(High temperature conditions generate carbon monoxide)

Carbon monoxide is the main component of household gas. The smelly substance ethyl mercaptan (C2H5SH) is added to the gas to alert people in case of leakage and prevent poisoning accidents. Carbon monoxide can be collected by drainage in the laboratory.

What relevant information can you get through the description of this text and your life experience?

1. Carbon monoxide is a colorless and odorless gas;

2. Hardly soluble in water;

3. It is flammable and the flame turns light blue when burning;

4. Toxic.

use as you learn

1. The main component of coal is ( ). When there is sufficient air, coal is fully burned and mainly produces ( ). When there is insufficient air, coal cannot be fully burned and produces ( ). This is one of the main causes of gas poisoning.

2. There are two bottles A and B. Bottle A contains carbon monoxide gas, and bottle B contains carbon dioxide gas. Put two locusts into two bottles respectively and tighten the bottle caps. After a while, it was found that both locusts were dead. Please explain what caused the death of the two locusts:

A bottle: Carbon monoxide is poisonous and poisons locusts to death.

Bottle B: Carbon dioxide cannot supply breathing, causing the locusts to suffocate to death.

3. The uses of the following substances utilize both the physical properties of carbon and the chemical properties of carbon ( )

A Use charcoal as fuel

B Making iron with coke

C Use activated carbon to adsorb pigments in industrial products

D Use ink to write precious information or draw calligraphy and painting

Please discuss the differences between CO and CO2 from both macro and micro perspectives respectively?

Macroscopically: different types of substances; different chemical properties; different valences of carbon elements; the elements contained in substances are the same.

Micro: different molecular structures; different molecular chemical properties;

The number of oxygen atoms in a single molecule varies;

The types of atoms in the molecules are the same; the number of carbon atoms in a single molecule is the same.

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For more information about the PPT courseware "Carbon, the Main Element Composing Fuels", please click the "Carbon, the Main Element Composing Fuels ppt" ppt tag.

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Update Time: 2024-09-09

This template belongs to Chemistry courseware Cantonese Education Edition Ninth Grade Chemistry Volume 1 industry PPT template

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