"Redox Reaction" Elements and the World of Matter PPT (Lesson 2 Oxidizing Agents and Reducing Agents)

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"Redox Reaction" Elements and the World of Matter PPT (Lesson 2 Oxidizing Agents and Reducing Agents)

Part One: Literacy Goals

1. Reflect the core literacy of the concept of change through the study of basic concepts such as oxidants, reducing agents, oxidizing properties, and reducing properties.

2. Reflect the core competencies of macroscopic identification and microscopic analysis through understanding of common oxidants and reducing agents.

3. Analyze the oxidation and reduction properties of substances from the perspective of valence, and understand the core competencies of model cognition.

4. Through the understanding of the basic laws of redox reactions and their related applications, embody the core qualities of the concept of change and the idea of ​​balance.

Redox reaction PPT, part 2 content: knowledge foundation

1. The relationship between chemical reactions and changes in valence of elements

From the perspective of whether the valence of elements changes during the reaction, chemical reactions can be divided into redox reactions and non-redox reactions.

There are changes in the valence of elements during redox reactions.

2. Characteristics and essence of redox reactions. The characteristic is that there is a change in the valence of elements during the reaction; the essence is that there is electron transfer.

3. The relationship between valence and electron gain and loss

Valence increases - oxidized - loses electrons

The chemical valence is reduced - reduced - electrons are obtained

Redox Reaction PPT, Part 3: Preview of New Knowledge

1. Oxidizing agent and reducing agent

1. Oxidizing agent and reducing agent

(1) Oxidant: In the redox reaction, the valence of a certain (or certain) elements contained

The reduced reactant is called an oxidizing agent.

(2) Reducing agent: In the redox reaction, the valence of a certain (or certain) elements contained

The elevated reactant is called the reducing agent.

2. Common oxidizing agents and reducing agents

2. Oxidation and reduction

1. Oxidation and reduction

(1) Oxidizing property: the property of obtaining electrons exhibited by oxidizing agents.

(2) Reducibility: The electron-losing property exhibited by the reducing agent.

2. The relationship between oxidizing properties, reducing properties and valence of elements

[Micro Thought] In the same reaction, can the oxidizing agent and reducing agent be the same substance?

Redox reaction PPT, part 4: independent testing

1. Judge whether it is right or wrong (mark “√” if it is correct and “×” if it is wrong).

(1) Metallic elements can only be used as reducing agents, and non-metallic elements can only be used as oxidants. ()

(2) During the reaction, the valence of a certain element increases, showing reducing properties. ()

(3) 1 mol Al loses more electrons than 1 mol Na, so the reducing property is: Al>Na. ()

(4) A substance that has difficulty losing electrons must easily gain electrons. ()

Answer: (1)× (2)√ (3)× (4)×

2. Thermite reaction welding rails are used in industry. The reaction equation is 2Al+Fe2O3 2Fe+Al2O3, where Fe2O3 is ()

A. Oxidizing agent B. Reducing agent

C. It is both an oxidizing agent and a reducing agent. D. It is neither an oxidizing agent nor a reducing agent.

Answer:A

Analysis: In the above reaction, the valence of aluminum changes from 0 to +3, and an oxidation reaction occurs. Al acts as a reducing agent, and the iron element in Fe2O3 changes from +3 to 0, acting as an oxidizing agent.

3. Among the following substances, only the ones with reducing properties are ()

A.HClO B.Na C.CO2 D.N2O5

Answer:B

Analysis: The valence of elemental Na can only increase and it only has reducing properties.

Redox Reaction PPT, Part 5: Exploration

The relationship between concepts of redox reactions

Question exploration

Analyze the following reactions and explore the following questions:

(1) Is it possible for the same substance to act as both an oxidizing agent and a reducing agent in different reactions?

Tip: The same substance may act as both an oxidizing agent and a reducing agent in different reactions. For example, S acts as an oxidizing agent in reaction ① and as a reducing agent in reaction ②.

(2) Try to compare the reducing properties of Fe and Cu through reaction ③; compare the oxidizing properties of Fe2+ and Cu2+.

Tip: In reaction ③, Fe is a reducing agent, Cu2+ is an oxidant, Fe2+ is an oxidation product, and Cu is a reduction product, so the reducing property: Fe>Cu; the oxidizing property: Cu2+>Fe2+.

Knowledge induction

The relationship between concepts of redox reactions

Memory formula: As it rises, it loses oxygen, which is a reducing agent; when it goes down, it becomes an oxidizing agent.

Method rules and methods for judging the strength of oxidizing and reducing properties

(1) Judging based on the direction of the redox reaction

Oxidizing properties: oxidizing agent > oxidation product

Reducibility: reducing agent>reduction product

(2) Judgment based on the order of element activity

①According to the order of metal activity.

②According to the order of non-metal activity.

Analysis of typical cases

Example 1 Based on the following experimental facts, the correct order of judging the oxidation strength of particles is ()

①Drop the KI solution into the FeCl3 solution. The solution will turn brown. The reaction is 2FeCl3 +2KI === 2KCl+2FeCl2+I2

② Add chlorine water dropwise to the FeCl2 solution, the solution will turn brown, and the reaction is 2FeCl2 + Cl2 === 2FeCl3

③ Add hydrochloric acid dropwise to the KMnO4 solution, the purple color of the KMnO4 solution fades, and the reaction is 2KMnO4+16HCl (concentrated) === 2MnCl2+2KCl+5Cl2↑+8H2O

Answer:C

Redox Reaction PPT, Part 6: In-class Testing

1. In the reaction CaO+3C== CaC2+CO↑, the mass ratio of oxidant to reducing agent is ()

A.2∶1 B.1∶2 C.1∶1 D.3∶1

Answer:A

Analysis: In this reaction, only the valence of the carbon element changes. According to the meaning of the question, when 3 mol C reacts, 2 mol C changes from 0 to -1, and electrons are obtained to act as an oxidizing agent; 1 mol of C changes from 0 to -1. It becomes +2 valence, loses electrons, and acts as a reducing agent. Therefore, the mass ratio of oxidant to reducing agent is 2:1.

2. Which of the following statements is correct ()

A. Elements of elements can be produced by oxidizing or reducing compounds containing the element.

B. The more electrons an oxidizing agent has, the stronger its oxidizing property will be.

C. Cations can only obtain electrons to be reduced and can only act as oxidants.

D. The reaction in which a substance loses electrons is a reduction reaction

Answer:A

Analysis: The strength of oxidation is determined by the ability to gain electrons, and has nothing to do with the number of electrons gained. B is incorrect; cations can also lose electrons, such as Fe2+ losing electrons to form Fe3+, C is incorrect; the reaction of a substance losing electrons is: Oxidation reaction, D is incorrect.

3. Among the following particles, only the ones that are oxidizing are ()

①S2-　②Fe2+　③Cu2+　④S　⑤H+　⑥Na+　⑦Mg

A.①⑦ B.②④ C.③⑤⑥ D.②④⑤⑥

Answer:C

Analysis: An element is only oxidizing in its highest valence state. S2- is in the lowest valence state, Fe2+ is in the middle valence state, Cu2+ is in the highest valence state, S is in the middle valence state, H+ is in the highest valence state, Na+ is in the highest valence state, and Mg is in the lowest valence state, so choose C.

4. It is known that the oxidizing abilities of the four substances X2, Y2, Z2, and W2 are W2>X2>Y2>Z2. The following oxidation-reduction reactions can occur ()

A.2NaW+Z2 2NaZ+W2

B.2NaX+Z2 2NaZ+X2

C.2NaX+Y2 X2+2NaY

D.2NaZ+X2 2NaX+Z2

Answer:D

Analysis: Assume that all chemical equations are correct, find the oxidant and the oxidation product, and get the relationship between the oxidizing ability according to the oxidizing oxidant > the oxidation product, and then compare it with the relationship given in the question. If it matches, it is correct.

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Update Time: 2024-10-03

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