"Redox Reactions" Elements and the World of Matter PPT Courseware (Understanding Redox Reactions in Lesson 1)

Description

"Redox Reactions" Elements and the World of Matter PPT Courseware (Understanding Redox Reactions in Lesson 1)

Part One: Learning Objectives

Curriculum Standards

1. Understand that chemical reactions involving changes in the valence of elements are redox reactions, and understand that the essence of redox reactions is electron transfer.

2. Understand that elements can have different valence states in substances, and substances containing the same element in different valence states can be transformed into each other through oxidation-reduction reactions.

core competencies

1. Concept of change: Be able to understand that matter moves and changes, and understand that the essence of chemical change is the generation of new matter.

2. Micro analysis: Able to analyze and solve practical problems from a combination of macro and micro perspectives.

Redox Reaction PPT, Part 2: Knowledge Point 1 Characteristics of Redox Reaction

1. Oxidation reaction: In a redox reaction, a reaction in which the valence of some (or some) elements contained in the reactant is 3___________.

2. Reduction reaction: In an oxidation-reduction reaction, a reaction in which a certain element (or elements) contained in the reactant has a valence of 4___________.

hint

(1) To determine whether a reaction is a redox reaction, it depends on whether there is a change in the valence of the element before and after the reaction.

(2) In the oxidation reaction, the substance is oxidized, and in the reduction reaction, the substance is reduced.

Troubleshooting

1. The relationship between redox reactions and the four basic reaction types

2. "Not necessarily" in redox reactions

(1) When one element is oxidized, another element will not necessarily be reduced. For example, in C0l2+H2O===HCl-1+HCl+1O, the oxidized and reduced elements are both chlorine elements.

(2) Reactions involving elemental substances are not necessarily redox reactions. For example, the mutual transformation between allotropes (such as 3O2==discharge 2O3) is not a redox reaction.

use as you learn

1. True or false

(1) Oxygen must participate in the redox reaction. ()

(2) Oxidation-reduction reactions are characterized by changes in the valence of elements. ()

(3) When the metal element reacts with O2, the metal element undergoes an oxidation reaction. ()

(4) When Zn reacts with CuSO4 solution, Zn is reduced to Zn2+. ()

(5) In non-redox reactions, the valence of elements may change. ()

2. Which of the following reactions is a redox reaction? ()

A． CaCO3+2HCl===CaCl2+H2O+CO2↑

B． CaCO3=====High temperature CaO＋CO2↑

C. Na2O＋H2O===2NaOH

D. Mg+2HCl===MgCl2+H2↑

3. Among the following change processes, which one is a reduction reaction ()

A． HCl→Cl2 B. Na→Na＋

C. CO→CO2 D. Fe3+→Fe

Redox Reaction PPT, Part 3: Knowledge Point 2: The Essence of Redox Reaction

1. An exploration of the essence of redox reactions

(1) Take the reaction between sodium and chlorine as an example

2Na＋Cl2=====ignite 2NaCl

①The sodium atom loses electrons, the valence is 1________, and a 2________ reaction occurs;

②The chlorine atom gains electrons, the valence is 3___________, and a 4___________ reaction occurs.

(2) Take the reaction between iron and CuSO4 solution as an example

Cu2＋＋Fe===Cu＋Fe2＋

① The iron atom loses electrons, the valence is 5________, and a 6________ reaction occurs;

②The copper ion gains electrons, the valence is 7___________, and an 8___________ reaction occurs.

(3)Conclusion

①The characteristics of oxidation-reduction reaction are 9____________________________.

②The essence of redox reaction is 10__________.

2. How to represent electron transfer in redox reactions

(1) Double line bridge method: Indicates the transfer of electrons between atoms of the same element before and after reaction. For example:

(2) Single line bridge method: represents the transfer of electrons between reactants during the reaction. For example:

Troubleshooting

How to represent electron transfer in redox reactions

(1)Double-line bridge method

①Basic steps

②Precautions

a. The arrows and tails point to the same element whose valence changes;

b. Mark "gain" and "lost", and the number of electrons gained and lost is equal.

(2)Single line bridge method

①Basic steps

②Precautions

a. Single line bridges must be drawn in reactants;

b. The arrow points to the element that has gained electrons, and the tail of the arrow points to the element that has lost electrons;

c. Indicate the total number of electronic transfers, not "gain" or "loss".

special reminder

(1) The total number of electrons transferred in the redox reaction is the total number of electrons gained or the total number of electrons lost, not the sum of the two.

(2) When the double-line bridge method is used to standardize electron transfer, the number of electron transfers is expressed in the form of "ae-×b", a represents the number of electrons lost or gained by each atom, and b represents the number of atoms that undergo oxidation or reduction reactions.

use as you learn

1. The essence of redox reaction is ()

A． There is a change in the valence of an element

B． gain and loss of oxygen atoms

C. electron transfer

D. New substances are produced after the reaction

2. Which of the following analysis of redox reactions is correct ()

3. (1) Analyze the chemical equations of the following reactions and determine the reaction type (redox reaction or non-redox reaction). If it is a redox reaction, use the double-line bridge method to mark the direction and number of electron transfer, and indicate the oxidized and reduced ones. element.

①2Na＋Cl2====== Ignite 2NaCl

②NaOH＋HCl===NaCl＋H2O

Redox Reaction PPT, Part 4: Qualification Examination Training

1. Which of the following statements about redox reactions is correct ()

A． The valence of elements increases and decreases before and after the redox reaction

B． There must be gains and losses of oxygen before and after the redox reaction

C. The process of realizing the change of Fe3＋→Fe2+ must be an oxidation reaction

D. Reactions that increase the valence of an element are reduction reactions

2. The reactions between the following groups of substances are both redox reactions and ionic reactions ()

A． Zinc reacts with dilute sulfuric acid

B． Reaction of hydrochloric acid and silver nitrate solution

C. Hydrogen burns in chlorine

D. Sodium oxide dissolves in water

3. (2019·Nanjing Zhonghua Middle School Senior Grade 1) The following reactions do not belong to the four basic reaction types, but they are oxidation-reduction reactions ()

A． 3CO＋Fe2O3=====High temperature 2Fe＋3CO2

B． Fe+CuSO4===FeSO4+Cu

C. AgNO3＋NaCl===AgCl↓＋NaNO3

D. 2KMnO4======△K2MnO4＋MnO2＋O2↑

4. The following change process can only be realized through oxidation reaction ()

A． HCl→H2 B. HCl→FeCl2

C. H2SO4(concentrated)→SO2 D． Fe→Fe2O3

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Update Time: 2024-11-25

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