"Transformation of Sulfur" Properties and Transformation of Matter PPT (Sulfur Dioxide in Nature in the First Lesson)

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"Transformation of Sulfur" Properties and Transformation of Matter PPT (Sulfur Dioxide in Nature in the First Lesson)

Part One: What are the new curriculum standards?

1. Understand the main properties of sulfur and sulfur dioxide.

2. Understand the application of sulfur and sulfur dioxide in production and their impact on the ecological environment.

PPT on the transformation of sulfur, part 2: exploration of new knowledge

Sulfur in nature

[New textbook for self-study]

Read the textbook and answer the following questions:

1. H2S, S, SO2, SO3, H2SO3, H2SO4, Na2SO3, Na2SO4, etc. are all common substances containing sulfur. Please analyze them from the perspective of substance category and valence of sulfur element, and mark them in the appropriate position in the figure.

2. Sulfur is one of the earliest chemical elements recognized by humans. Elemental sulfur is the main component of black gunpowder, one of my country's four great inventions.

(1) Sulfur element is commonly known as ________, and its solubility in water, alcohol and CS2 is ____________________. Therefore, ________ can be used to wash the sulfur elements attached to the inner wall of the test tube.

(2) There are many kinds of elements composed of sulfur element, such as orthorhombic sulfur and monoclinic sulfur, which are _______________ of sulfur element.

(3) Ge Hong from Jin Dynasty said in "Baopuzi·Jindan Chapter": "All vegetation will burn when burned, but cinnabar is refined into mercury, and when it accumulates and changes, it becomes cinnabar again. It is also far away from the vegetation." HgS, the chemical equation of the above change process is _______________________________.

(4) During the long process of refining elixirs, ancient Chinese alchemists discovered that a mixture of potassium nitrate, sulfur and charcoal could burn and explode. This gave birth to gunpowder, one of the four great inventions of ancient China. Please consult the information and use a chemical equation to express the reaction principle:_________________________________________.

(5) The valence of sulfur element in elemental sulfur is 0, which has a tendency of _______________, and its possible properties are _______________________________.

[Implement new knowledge]

1. Sulfur in nature

There are both free sulfur and combined sulfur in nature. Free sulfur mainly exists near volcanic vents, while combined sulfur is widely found in sulfur-containing minerals.

2. Elemental sulfur

(1)Physical properties

(2)Chemical properties

①Exhibit restorability

When sulfur reacts with a highly oxidizing substance, it usually loses electrons and increases its valence, showing a certain reduction property. For example, S+O2====== ignites SO2.

②Exhibit oxidation

When sulfur reacts with H2, some metals and other highly reducing substances, it usually gains electrons, reduces the valence, and exhibits oxidizing properties, such as S+H2=====△H2S, S+Fe=====△FeS, S+2Cu== ===△Cu2S, S＋Hg===HgS.

③Exhibits both oxidizing and reducing properties

When sulfur reacts with hot alkali solution, it shows both oxidizing and reducing properties, such as 3S+6NaOH=====△2Na2S+Na2SO3+3H2O.

Note It can explain the oxidation: Cl2>S.

(3) Uses of sulfur: making sulfuric acid, fertilizers, matches, pesticides, gunpowder, etc.

3. allotrope

Several elements with different properties composed of the same element are called allotropes of the element, such as orthorhombic sulfur and monoclinic sulfur, O2 and O3, red phosphorus and white phosphorus.

[Practice the new exam]

1. Judge whether it is true or false (mark “√” if it is correct and “×” if it is wrong).

(1) Sulfur element can only exist in the chemical state in nature ()

(2) When elemental sulfur reacts with hydrogen, elemental sulfur exhibits reducing properties ()

(3) The reaction between elemental sulfur and iron cannot directly produce iron sulfide ()

(4) If there is elemental sulfur on the test tube, clean it with water ()

2. "Black powder" is a commonly used explosive whose ingredients are "monosulfide, dinitrate and charcoal". The "sulfur" refers to ()

A． Sodium sulfate B. sulfuric acid

C. Sulfur D. sulfur dioxide

3. Which of the following statements is correct ()

A． Elemental sulfur reacts with metallic iron to form ferrous sulfide, which reflects the oxidizing property of elemental sulfur.

B． Elemental sulfur does not react with any substance at room temperature

C. Sulfur can only act as a reducing agent when reacting with non-metallic elements.

D. Elemental sulfur burns in air to produce sulfur dioxide, and burns in pure oxygen to produce sulfur trioxide.

sulfur dioxide

[New textbook for self-study]

Read the textbook and answer the following questions:

SO2 is one of the main pollutants in the atmosphere. The gas is ejected during volcanic eruptions and is also produced in many industrial processes. In addition, sulfur dioxide can also inhibit the growth of mold and bacteria and can be used as a preservative for food and dried fruits, but it must be used in strict accordance with relevant national regulations and standards. Please complete the following experiment to analyze the properties of SO2.

[Implement new knowledge]

1. sulfur dioxide

(1)Physical properties

(2)Chemical properties

① General properties of acidic oxides

②Weak oxidizing property

It reacts with H2S to produce S and H2O. The chemical equation of the reaction is 2H2S+SO2===3S↓+2H2O.

③Strong reducing ability

④Bleaching property

Pass SO2 into the magenta solution, shake it and then heat it. Phenomenon: the magenta color fades and returns to red after heating. Principle: Combine with certain colored substances to form unstable colorless substances, which can easily decompose and restore the color of the original colored substances.

(3) Usage: sulfuric acid production, food additives (bleaching agent, preservatives, antioxidants).

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For more information about the PPT courseware "Properties and Transformations of Substances and Transformation of Sulfur and Sulfur Dioxide in Nature", please click on the "Properties and Transformations of Substances ppt Transformation of Sulfur ppt Sulfur in Nature ppt Sulfur Dioxide ppt" tag.

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Update Time: 2024-11-21

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