"Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development" Energy and Energy Conservation Law PPT courseware

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"Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development" Energy and Energy Conservation Law PPT courseware

1. Energy and environment

The development and progress of human society is inseparable from the use of energy. Every energy revolution has brought major changes to human society.

The utilization of fossil energy such as coal, oil, and natural gas enables humans to obtain a large amount of internal energy and brings progress to human civilization, but at the same time it causes environmental pollution and harm to humans. For example, these fuels produce a large amount of harmful gases during the combustion process, causing air pollution, which is not only directly harmful to human health, but also affects the normal growth of animals and plants.

Atmospheric pollutants are mainly sulfur-containing compounds, nitrogen-containing compounds, carbon oxides, etc. Some of these pollutants can be divided into primary pollutants and secondary pollutants.

Classification of gaseous pollutants in the atmosphere

Pollutants Primary pollutants Secondary pollutants

Sulfur compounds SO2, H2S SO3, H2SO4, etc.

Carbon oxides CO2, CO None

Nitrogen-containing compounds NO, NH3 NO2, HNO3, etc.

Carbon oxides C1~C5 compounds aldehydes, ketones, peroxyacyl nitrates

The above four types of pollutants mainly come from the combustion process of fossil fuels such as coal and petroleum and their refined products.

1. Greenhouse effect

(1) Concept: The greenhouse effect, also known as the "greenhouse effect", is the common name for the atmospheric insulation effect. The atmosphere can make short-wave solar radiation reach the ground, but the long-wave thermal radiation emitted from the surface is absorbed by the atmosphere, which increases the temperature of the surface and lower atmosphere. Because it functions like a greenhouse for cultivating crops, it is called the greenhouse effect.

After excess carbon dioxide, chlorofluorocarbons and other gases are emitted into the atmosphere, they will accumulate into a greenhouse gas layer, radiating the heat emitted from the ground to space back to the ground.

(2) Impact: If this effect does not exist in the atmosphere, the surface temperature will drop by about 3℃ or more.

On the contrary, if the greenhouse effect continues to strengthen, global temperatures will continue to rise year by year.

Since the Industrial Revolution, the amount of heat-trapping greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide emitted by humans into the atmosphere has increased year by year, and the greenhouse effect of the atmosphere has also increased. This has caused a series of serious problems such as global warming, which has caused concern in countries around the world. s concern.

(3) Improve the greenhouse effect

In order to reduce excessive carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, on the one hand, people need to save electricity as much as possible (because coal is burned for power generation) and drive less cars; on the earth, plankton in the ocean and forests on land can absorb a large amount of carbon dioxide, especially in the tropics. Rainforests, so on the other hand, we must protect forests and oceans, such as not deforestation and pollution of the oceans to protect the survival of plankton.

We can also protect green plants by planting trees, reducing the use of disposable chopsticks, saving paper (wood used for papermaking), and not trampling on lawns, so that they can absorb more carbon dioxide to help slow down the greenhouse effect.

What is acid?

Pure water is neutral and has no taste;

Lemonade and orange juice are sour, while vinegar is more sour. They are both weak acids;

Baking soda water is slightly astringent and alkaline, while caustic soda water is astringent and has a strong alkaline taste. Caustic soda is an alkali. Although baking soda is alkaline, it is a salt.

Scientists found that the sourness is related to the concentration of hydrogen ions in the aqueous solution; the alkaline smell is related to the concentration of hydroxyl ions in the aqueous solution; then they established an indicator: the negative value of the logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration, called pH value.

Therefore, the pH value of pure water (distilled water) is 7; the more acidic, the lower the pH value; the more alkaline, the higher the pH value. (The pH value is generally between 0-14) Unpolluted rain and snow is neutral, with a pH value close to 7; when it is saturated with carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, it is slightly acidic (water and carbon dioxide combine to form carbonic acid), pH The value is 5.6. Rain with a pH value less than 5.6 is called acid rain; snow with a pH value less than 5.6 is called acid snow; fog that diffuses in high altitude or high mountains (such as Mount Emei) with a pH value less than 5.6 is called acid fog.

2. Make the sky bluer, the water clearer, and the ground greener

(1) Green energy

"Green energy" has two meanings:

First, use modern technology to develop clean, pollution-free new energy sources, such as solar energy, wind energy, tidal energy, etc.;

The second is to turn harm into benefit, combine it with improving the environment, and make full use of the energy contained in municipal garbage, sludge and other wastes. At the same time, a large number of automation control technologies and equipment have been popularized to improve energy utilization.

1. How do you think the contradiction between "energy and environment" should be correctly handled?

Can our country's approach to sustainable development resolve this contradiction?

2. What do you think can achieve sustainable development? Is it feasible for just one country to do this? Why?

3. How do you plan to protect our environment yourself?

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For more information about the PPT courseware "Energy and the Law of Energy Conservation, Energy Environment and Sustainable Development", please click the "Energy and the Law of Energy Conservation ppt Energy Environment and Sustainable Development ppt" tag.

"Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development" Energy and Energy Conservation Law PPT Courseware 2:

"Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development" Energy and Energy Conservation Law PPT Courseware 2 Learning Objectives Understand the relationship between energy, human survival and social development Understand how to protect the environment and achieve sustainable development 1. Exchange discussion on energy and environment (1) What It's warm...

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Update Time: 2024-09-08

This template belongs to Physics courseware Guangdong and Shanghai Edition Ninth Grade Physics Volume 2 industry PPT template

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