"Exploring the Universe" Small Particles and the Big Universe PPT Courseware 2

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"Exploring the Universe" Small Particles and the Big Universe PPT Courseware 2

We have already understood that the solar system is a celestial system centered on the sun, a star, and composed of planets, satellites, dwarf planets, small celestial bodies (including asteroids, comets), etc.

Most of the stars we observe in the sky are stars that shine and heat like the sun, and some of them will form a celestial system similar to the solar system.

During stargazing, the shining band of Milky Way light we see in the sky is actually a star group composed of many stars, which is called the Milky Way. The Milky Way is composed of approximately 100 billion to 200 billion stars and has a diameter of 100,000 light-years.

The propagation speed of light is 300,000 kilometers per second. A light-year is the distance traveled by light in a year. It is a unit used to measure the distance between stars.

It was discovered that there are huge star groups similar to the Milky Way outside the Milky Way. For example: Andromeda Galaxy, Canes Canis Galaxy, humans have discovered more than 10 billion extragalactic galaxies so far.

cosmic secrets

starry sky world

1. Stars: People look up at the vast starry sky. After careful observation, they find that the positions of most stars seem to remain unchanged. People call these stars stars. In fact, they are not absolutely motionless, and their relative positions are also changing. Their movements can be observed with precise astronomical instruments.

2. Milky Way: Among the twinkling stars in the clear night sky, there is a light belt that stretches across the sky. It is a huge celestial system composed of stars and diffuse matter, called the Milky Way. The sun is one of the hundreds of billions in the Milky Way. One of the stars.

3. Other galaxies: Other galaxies appear as fuzzy patches in the sky. The galaxy next to the Milky Way is the Andromeda Galaxy, which is more than 2 million light-years away from us.

4. Universe: There are as many as 100 billion galaxies scattered in the universe.

People realize that the universe is a hierarchical structure system of celestial bodies.

Scientific view of the universe:

The universe is a hierarchical structure system of celestial bodies.

The moon revolves around the earth

The eight major planets including the earth revolve around the sun.

Stars are also moving.

Our exploration of the universe

1: Methods for humans to explore the universe

Observe directly with the naked eye

Observe with an astronomical telescope

Launch probes to visit other planets and outer space

life span of star

There is only one factor that determines the life of a star - mass!

The greater the mass, the shorter the life!

15 times the mass of the sun 10 million years

1 times the mass of the sun 10 billion years

0.2 times the mass of the sun 1 trillion years

The sun can live for 10 billion years, but Sirius only has a lifespan of a few million years. Proportionally speaking, if the sun lives seventy years, Sirius can only live three days!

low mass stars

The outer shell of the red giant star slowly dissipates

The central core compresses into a white dwarf star

When the white dwarf cools down, it becomes a black dwarf.

massive stars

After a series of nuclear reactions, they took on the structure of an onion

Without the energy to resist gravity, a supernova explodes

The outer layer was blown away and the remaining core was compressed

Neutron star (1 billion tons/cm3)

black hole

1. The correct statement about light years is ( )

A. Light year is a unit of time

B. Light-year is a unit of speed

C. Light year is a unit of length

D. Light-year is a unit of volume

2. Regarding the view of the universe, which of the following statements is correct: ( )

A. The earth is the center of the universe

B. The sun is the center of the universe

C.The Milky Way is the center of the universe

D. The universe cannot find the center

3. Regarding the origin of the universe, most cosmologists believe: ( )

A. The universe was born in a big bang about 10 billion years ago

B. The universe was born in a big bang about 13.7 billion years ago

C. The universe was born in a big bang about 18 billion years ago

D. The universe was born in a big bang about 25 billion years ago

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Update Time: 2024-11-15

This template belongs to Physics courseware Shanghai Science Edition 8th Grade Physics industry PPT template

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