"Classification Comprehensive Training" Voltage Resistance PPT

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"Classification Comprehensive Training" Voltage Resistance PPT

Part One: Breakthrough of Core Points

1. Use of voltage and voltmeter

1. Voltage: The power supply provides _________ to both ends of the electrical appliance. _________ is the cause of the directional movement of charges to form current. Voltage is usually represented by the letter ____, the unit is _______, and the symbol is ______. The voltage of the lighting circuit is _______V, the voltage of a new dry cell battery is _______V, and the voltage that is safe for the human body is _____V.

2. Use of voltmeter: The voltmeter is connected to the electrical appliance under test ________. The current must flow in from the ________ terminal of the voltmeter and flow out from the ________ terminal. The measured voltage cannot exceed the _________ of the voltmeter. The voltage The meter ________ is directly connected to both ends of the power supply.

2. Voltage rules in series and parallel circuits

1. The voltage across the power supply in a series circuit is equal to ____________________, which can be written symbolically as ____________________.

2. The voltage across the power supply and the voltage across each branch in a parallel circuit _________ can be written symbolically as ____________________.

3. Resistors and rheostat

1. Resistance: Indicates the effect of a conductor on the current ________, usually represented by the letter ______, the unit is ________, and the symbol is ______. The resistance of a conductor is a property of the conductor itself. Its size is determined by the ________, ________ and ____________ of the conductor, and is also related to _________.

2. A rheostat is a component that can change the size of ________ in the circuit.

Comprehensive classification training PPT, the second part of the content: teaching material picture display

Proposition point 1 Voltmeter

Observe the electric meter shown in Figure 16-F-1 and write down the information obtained from it:

(1)____________________________________;

(2)___________________________________________;

(3)____________________________________________.

Proposition point 2: Current and voltage laws of series and parallel circuits

(1) Figure 16-F-2A is a ____ circuit. The current everywhere in a series circuit is ____; the total voltage in a series circuit is equal to the voltage across each series connected appliance ________.

(2) Figure B shows a ____ circuit. The total current in the trunk of a parallel circuit is equal to the current of each branch _____; the voltage of each branch in the parallel circuit is _____ and is equal to ________.

Proposition 3: Conductors and insulators

As shown in Figure 16-F-3, from top to bottom, the conductive ability of the material becomes more and more ________, and the insulating ability becomes more and more ________; from the bottom up, the conductive ability of the material becomes more and more ________, and the insulating ability becomes more and more ________. Increasingly there is no absolute ________ between conductors and insulators.

Proposition point 4 Application of sliding rheostat

As shown in Figure 16-F-4A, it is a _________, which is actually a __________; the function of the sliding rheostat is to change the current in the circuit and the voltage across part of the circuit by adjusting its _____________.

Comprehensive classification training PPT, the third part: reproduction of key experiments

Experiment 1: Explore the voltage rules of series and parallel circuits

(1)Experimental circuit diagram

(2) Design experiment: To explore the characteristics of voltages in series and parallel circuits, it is necessary to connect a ________ meter to the circuit under test for measurement. As shown in Figure 16-F-5A, measure the voltages at AB, BC, and AC respectively for comparison; as shown in Figure B, measure the voltages at both ends of the circuit AB and CD respectively, and compare them with the power supply voltage. Compare.

(3) Measuring tool: voltmeter.

(4) Conduct experiments

① Explore the voltage relationship at AB, BC, and AC in the series circuit. You can use a voltmeter to connect AB, BC, and AC in parallel to measure the voltages UAB, UBC, and UAC for comparison.

② Explore the voltage relationship between AB, CD and power supply in the parallel circuit. You can use a voltmeter to connect AB, CD and power supply in parallel to measure the voltages UAB, UCD and U power supply for comparison.

(5)Experimental conclusion

①Series circuit: The voltage at both ends of the power supply ________ is the sum of the voltages at both ends of each part of the circuit, expressed by the formula: ____________________;

② Parallel circuit: The power supply voltage ________ the voltage of each branch, expressed by the formula: ____________________.

(6)Evaluation communication

① When a student was doing an experiment, he used a voltmeter to measure the voltage at both ends of a small light bulb. He found that the pointer deflected to the left side of the voltmeter in a direction without a scale. This was because after changing the ____________________ of the voltmeter, he closed the switch and found that the pointer It deflects to the right side where there is no scale. This is because of ______________ and it should be ______________.

②After the experiment, Xiaofang believed that if the voltages at both ends of the electrical appliances were equal, then the electrical appliances must be connected in parallel. Please use the knowledge you have learned to help Xiaofang analyze her mistakes: ____________________________________________.

(7) Extension: The voltage of the series-connected battery pack is equal to the voltage of each battery ________; the voltage of the parallel-connected battery pack is _________ the voltage of each battery.

Experiment 2: Explore the factors that determine the size of resistance

(1) Experimental device: As shown in Figure 16-F-6:

(2) Design experiment: When the voltage remains unchanged, compare the __________ passing through the conductor

(or the brightness of a light bulb) to study changes in conductor resistance.

(3) Measuring tool: ammeter (or small light bulb).

(4) Conduct experiments

①To study whether the conductor resistance is related to the length, two conductors should be selected.

② To study whether the conductor resistance is related to the cross-sectional area, two conductors should be selected. ③To study whether the conductor resistance is related to the material, two conductors should be selected.

④In the process of heating the same section of metal wire in the experiment, it was found that the indication of the ammeter gradually became smaller, indicating that the resistance of the metal wire gradually became ________, and it was concluded that the resistance of the conductor was related to ________.

(5) Experimental conclusion: The conductor resistance depends on the ________, ________, ________ of the conductor, and is also related to ________.

(6)Evaluation communication

①This experiment mainly uses the __________ method and the ________ method.

② Resistance is a property of the conductor itself. Its size is determined by factors of the conductor itself, _________ with the voltage at both ends of the conductor and the size of the current passing through the conductor.

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Update Time: 2024-07-30

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