"Volcano" The Unquiet Earth PPT Courseware 3

Description

"Volcano" The Unquiet Earth PPT Courseware 3

learning target:

1. Be able to speculate on the causes of volcanic eruptions based on simulation experiment results;

2. Be able to explain the hazards and benefits caused by volcanic eruptions from both positive and negative aspects.

The causes of volcanoes

The deeper you go into the earth's crust, the higher the temperature and the greater the pressure. The magma moves upward through gaps or cracks in the rock like molten glass. As magma continues to rise, when it encounters a weak crust, it will erupt out of the surface and form a volcano. Volcanic eruptions are sometimes accompanied by earthquakes.

Schematic diagram of volcanic eruption

Magma, the main component of volcanic eruptions, is formed in the earth's mantle. Magma erupts from cracks or weak places in the earth's crust. More and more magma is produced. Because of the accumulation of magma, the pressure rises, and the magma breaks through the rocks and erupts.

Magma contains gas, and when the pressure rises, it will burn violently and emit fire.

Experiment to simulate the origin of volcanoes

Experimental purpose: simulate volcanic eruption

Experimental materials: tripod, iron box, mashed potatoes, ketchup, alcohol lamp, matches.

experiment procedure:

1. Put mashed potatoes in the iron box, make it into a mountain shape, and make a small hole in the middle.

2. Pour tomato sauce into the hole and seal the hole with a thin layer of mashed potatoes.

3. Place the iron box on a tripod, heat it with an alcohol lamp, and observe the phenomenon of tomato sauce after heating.

Experimental phenomenon: After heating, the mashed potatoes and ketchup will steam, and then the ketchup will overflow.

Internal structure of the earth:

The outermost layer of the Earth is the crust, which is mainly composed of rock, with an average thickness of 17 kilometers; below the crust is the mantle, which is a layer of hot upward-flowing liquid with a thickness of about 2,900 kilometers; the central part of the Earth is called the core. It is composed of outer core and inner core. The outer core is made of hot liquid metal, while the inner core is made of solid metal. The earth is like an egg, the crust is equivalent to the thin eggshell, the mantle is equivalent to the egg white, and the core is equivalent to the yolk.

Type of volcano

1: According to the appearance shape, it can be divided into:

1: Cone-shaped volcano. A common volcanic form, the volcano is pyramid-shaped, with a steep, pointed and small crater.

2: Shield volcano. A common volcanic form, the volcano is shield-shaped. The crater is gentle and large.

3: Maar volcano. The relatively rare volcanic form is only found in Zhanjiang Huguangyan in China and a small area in Germany.

2: According to the degree of activity, it can be divided into:

1: Extinct volcano.

2: Active volcano.

3: Dormant volcano.

The relationship between volcanoes and human life (benefits):

1. Volcanic ash is rich in minerals and is suitable for the growth of crops;

2. Volcanic rock is a high-quality building material;

3. Transform the terrain to create scenic tourist attractions or rich geothermal resources.

Distribution of volcanoes

Volcanoes are mainly distributed in active plate zones, including plate compression (death) boundaries, growth boundaries and internal plate rupture zones. There are four major volcanic belts in the world: the Pacific Rim volcanic and seismic belt, the Mediterranean-Himalayan volcanic and seismic belt, the Oceanic Ridge volcanic and seismic belt, and the East African Rift Volcanic and Seismic Belt.

Summary and assignments

1. Explain the dangers and benefits caused by volcanic eruptions from both positive and negative aspects?

2. Read Verne's science fiction novel "Journey to the Center of the Earth" and write a short science fiction essay about the interior of the earth.

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For more information about the PPT courseware "Volcanoes and an Unquiet Earth", please click the Volcanoes and an Unquiet Earth ppt tag.

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"Volcano" PPT download:

"Volcano" PPT Download Part One Content: Learning Objectives 1. Be able to speculate on the causes of volcanic eruptions based on simulation experiment results; 2. Be able to explain the hazards and benefits of volcanic eruptions from both positive and negative aspects. ... ... ... Part 2: Research questions...

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Update Time: 2024-11-14

This template belongs to science courseware People's Education Press Fifth Grade Science Volume 2 industry PPT template

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