"Is the Earth Revolving?" Earth's Movement PPT

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"Is the Earth Revolving?" Earth's Movement PPT

Part One: Simulation Experiment of Anniversary Parallax

If the earth really revolves around the sun, when it moves counterclockwise from point A to point B on its orbit, what will people on earth see when they observe stars 1 and 2 at different distances in the sky? Woolen cloth?

We went to the playground to do a simulation experiment.

1. Draw a circle on the playground and place a red round piece of paper in the center to represent the sun.

2. Find two wooden poles and place them at different distances from the circle. Attach two blue round pieces of paper to the top of the wooden pole to represent two stars at different distances. On the distant star, hang a wooden ruler horizontally, and stick a wooden strip vertically every 10 centimeters on the wooden ruler.

3. We rotate once on the circle with our back to the red dot, which means that the earth revolves around the sun once.

Is the Earth Revolving? PPT, Part 2: Annual Parallax of Stars

The visual relative position difference produced when people observe stars at different distances is called stellar annual parallax.

The diameter of the Earth's orbit around the sun is about 300 million kilometers, but compared to the distance between stars in the sky, 300 million kilometers is indeed too small, so that people have not been able to detect the annual parallax of stars for a long time. Therefore, about 300 years after the "heliocentric theory" was published, people (including some astronomers) still expressed doubts about the Earth's revolution.

It was not until 1838 that the German astronomer Bessel used a newly built telescope to observe month after month and finally succeeded in measuring the parallax of a star. He reported that the parallax of 61 Cygni was 0.31 arcseconds, which is equivalent to the width of a coin placed 16 kilometers away.

After Bessel successfully observed the annual parallax of stars, some astronomers successively measured the annual parallax of other stars, thus proving that the earth is indeed rotating around the sun.

When people observe constellations at the same time on different nights, they find that the position of the constellations in the sky will gradually move from east to west over time, such as the Big Dipper. This can also explain that the earth is revolving.

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Update Time: 2024-07-01

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