"Idioms: Miniature Landscape of Chinese Culture" PPT

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"Idioms: Miniature Landscape of Chinese Culture" PPT

Part One: 1. Overview of Vocabulary

1. Monosyllabic words and polysyllabic words

From the perspective of syllables, words can be divided into two types: monosyllabic words and polysyllabic words.

(1) Monophyllable words

Monosyllabic words are words composed of one syllable, such as "人", "学", "青", "巴", "乐", "花儿", etc. Monosyllabic words are generally just one Chinese character in writing. As for "花儿", although it consists of two Chinese characters, it only has one syllable, so it is also a monosyllabic word.

(2) Polysyllabic words (also called "polysyllabic words")

Polysyllabic words are words composed of two or more syllables, such as "people", "hibiscus", "tractor", "chocolate", "socialism", "Internachonelle", etc.

1 stack of phonetic words:

A bisyllabic word formed by overlapping two identical syllables, such as "quietly", "bear", "often", "often", "weiwei", "mom", "grandma", "mom" and "grandma", all pronounce the second syllable Softly, this might as well be regarded as a special situation in overlapping words.

2 double tone words:

Two-syllable words composed of two syllables with the same initial consonant, such as "as if", "uneasy", "jagged", "ignorant", "diffused" and "earth".

3 rhyming words:

Two rhymes that belong to the same "rhyme" are considered to be the same rhyme as long as the rhyme belly and rhyme end are the same (the rhyme end can be ignored). Two-syllable words composed of syllables, such as "寛四", "実 diligent", "婿娕", "calm", "Xiaoyao", "straw hat", "rose", etc. Among them, the finals of the two syllables "rose (méi·gui)" are not exactly the same (only the vowels and endings are the same, both are ei), but they belong to the same "rhyme", so they are also overlapping rhyming words.

2. Simple words and compound words

From the perspective of the number of morphemes that make up a word, words can be divided into simple words and compound words.

(1) Simple words

A simple word is a word composed of one morpheme. It is divided into two types: monosyllabic and polysyllabic.

1 monosyllabic simple word

This is a simple word composed of one monosyllabic morpheme. For example: Tiandi Ma sees red two but he does not. Generally speaking, monosyllabic words are single-syllable simple words, with the exception of "Huār". "Hua'er" is a monosyllabic word, but it is not a simple word.

2 polysyllabic simple words

This is a simple word composed of multisyllabic morphemes. It mainly includes the following types:

(1) Lianmian words refer to words in which two syllables are connected together to form a meaning and cannot be separated. Among them, there are double-voiced ones, some with overlapping rhymes, and some with non-double-voiced overlapping rhymes.

aDouble-tone continuous word: refers to a continuous word with two syllables having the same initial consonant. For example:

Smart, hasty, command, generous, loquat, surging

hesitant spider coy exquisite jagged as if

b Repeated rhyme continuous words: refers to the continuous words with the same "rhyme" of two syllables. For example:

slender, hazy, carefree, dragonfly, vague, boundless

Majestic, exhortation, calmness, graceful, rose, romance

c Non-double rhyming continuous words: for example:

hibiscus butterfly mandarin duck bat whole

(2) Duplicate words are words formed by overlapping the same two syllables. For example:

Zizi, Weiwei, Bear, Hurry, Yiyi, Thurs

Gurgling Pianpian Gorilla Orangutan Grandma Cairn

Idiom miniature landscape of Chinese culture PPT, part 2 content: 2. Idioms

(1) Definition of idioms

Idioms are fixed phrases that people have used for a long time and have a concise introduction.

(2) Characteristics of idioms

(1) The integrity of meaning

The meaning of an idiom is often not the simple sum of its literal meanings, it has its own specific overall meaning. Therefore, the meaning of the idiom cannot be understood literally. For example, "having a ready-made bamboo in the chest" does not mean "having a ready-made bamboo in the chest", but is summarized based on an allusion. Song Dynasty painter Wen Tong (zi Yuke) was good at painting bamboos, and the bamboos he painted were very vivid and lifelike. Chao Buzhi praised him and said, "When I paint bamboo with Ke Ke, I have confidence in my mind." This idiom was later used to describe "having an idea in mind when dealing with something". Another example is "The city is full of wind and rain", which originated from Pan Dalin's poem "The city is full of wind and rain approaching the Double Ninth Festival" in the Song Dynasty. It was originally a lyrical description of the scene. After it was formed into an idiom, it did not mean "the city was filled with wind and rain", but a metaphor for "something caused a sensation and everyone was talking about it." look like".

(2) Finalization of structure

The structure of an idiom is a fixed combination. The entire structure cannot be changed at will, and the components cannot be freely replaced with other words. For example: "half-hearted" cannot be said to be "half-hearted" or "four-hearted"; "waiting for the rabbit" cannot be said to be "waiting for the sheep"; "breaking the cauldron and sinking the boat" cannot be said to "smashing the pot and sinking the boat"; "frightened bird" cannot be said Become a "bird with a frightened gun" and so on. Otherwise, language confusion will result.

Summary: Common idioms that are easily criticized and misused

Do whatever you want;

graffiti;

Offering advice;

hold your hand high;

The basil grows bright;

Be as open-minded as possible;

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Update Time: 2024-09-26

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