"Learning Abbreviations" PPT courseware

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"Learning Abbreviations" PPT courseware

Part One: Learning Objectives

1. Master the skills of abbreviation and be able to abbreviate novels and other articles in different genres as required.

2. The abbreviation should be faithful to the original text, without changing the theme or central idea of ​​the original text, and retaining the main content of the original text.

3. Deeply understand each work, grasp the main theme of the work, and strive to abbreviate the literary content with profound connotations.

Learn the abbreviations PPT, the second part of the content: review the meaning and requirements

This unit focuses on learning and training the writing skills of abbreviations. So, what is an abbreviation? Abbreviation means compressing the original text while maintaining the central idea and retaining the main content. The abbreviation focuses on the word "abbreviation". Of course, it is not an equidistant abbreviation. The scope of the abbreviation needs to be considered.

Please pay attention to the following points when abbreviating:

First of all, the abbreviation is a high-level summary of the original work. It is not a re-creation and cannot be changed or added at will. Before writing abbreviations, you must read the original text carefully, deeply understand the gist of the work, clarify the ideas and structure, and make abbreviations based on grasping the key points of the original text.

Secondly, we must distinguish the trunk and branches of the original work, follow the principle of “retaining the trunk and deleting branches and leaves” to determine the details of the choices. You might as well compress the content boldly to highlight the main points. For example, delete some specific descriptions and replace them with concise narrative sentences; delete some subplots and retain the main events. You can summarize the meaning of the text yourself and extract the original sentences appropriately. If there is a central sentence or key sentence in each paragraph, you can quote it directly.

When abbreviating, you should also pay attention to language fluency and stylistic coherence. The abbreviated article should be a microcosm of the original text, and the retained original sentences and compressed paragraphs should be connected into an article to keep the context coherent and the text flowing.

The first essay question requires abbreviation of a novel that has been learned.

We must first select the most familiar novel that we have learned according to the requirements. On the basis of carefully reading the original text, we must grasp the main purpose and content of the original text as a whole, clarify the ideas and structure, and grasp the main characters and main plots; and then follow the " According to the principle of “preserving the main stem and deleting the branches and leaves”, appropriately summarize the meaning of the text or extract the original sentences to make the content more concentrated and the expression more concise; then connect the retained content and the compressed paragraphs into a chapter, and the upper and lower sentences and the surrounding context will be consistent. Be coherent, unobstructed, and speak fluently.

The second essay question requires abbreviation of an argumentative article that has been learned.

We first select a familiar article among the argumentative articles we have learned. After carefully reading the original text, we can grasp the overall point of view of the article, clarify the idea and argument structure of the article, and grasp each sub-argument and argument; then retain the main body of the article. , delete unnecessary elements and streamline the arguments; finally, connect the remaining content into a chapter to keep the context coherent.

Essay topic three requires writing an article introducing a book.

This type of article needs to briefly introduce the basic information of the recommended book, such as the title, author, writing background, etc. You also need to outline the content of the book, which is a part that needs to be written in detail. If it is a narrative work, you need to explain the main characters and plot; if it is an argumentative or explanatory work, you need to explain the main arguments or knowledge points in the book. In addition, you need to express your evaluation of the book and explain the reasons for your recommendation.

Regarding these three composition topics, no matter which one you choose, you must pay attention to thoroughly understanding the content of the original work. On the basis of respecting the original work and truly presenting the original work, you can write a good composition that meets the writing requirements.

Learning abbreviations PPT, the third part: chat topics, fixed teaching materials

Students, let’s learn abbreviations today. Abbreviations are a form often used when writing. Let's use an analogy. The abbreviation is like compressing a large dough, removing water and other unimportant things, leaving the essence, and finally making compressed biscuits. Among the novels we have studied in the past, which one do you most want to abbreviate? What aspects do you plan to write about? So open your mind and talk to everyone!

I like "Xiang Ling's Poetry". The main character in the story is Xiang Ling. The content of this article can be divided into two parts. One is where Xiangling asks for advice and Daiyu teaches poetry; the other is where Daiyu proposes the title and Xiangling composes poetry. The first part of the original text is very detailed in describing the characters' dialogue. When abbreviating it, delete the dialogue part and just outline what Daiyu taught Xiangling; the latter part mentions other people's words and deeds. These should be deleted. For Xiangling, The descriptions of facial expressions, movements, etc. should also be deleted, and the focus should be on retaining the plot of Xiangling thinking hard and composing the first and second poems, finding that they were not ideal, and getting the third good poem in her dream.

Because I like to read "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", I want to abbreviate "The Death of Yang Xiu". To abbreviate this article, you need to understand three questions: Why did Cao Cao kill Yang Xiu? What did Yang Xiu do to offend Cao Cao? After Yang Xiu's death, will his prediction come true? When abbreviating, you can first explain the background of the "chicken ribs" command, what Yang Xiu did after hearing it, and Cao Cao angrily beheaded Yang Xiu. Then summarize the stories of Yang Xiu's four crimes against Cao Cao one by one. Finally, summarize the current battle situation. Cao Cao's defeat leads to the confrontation. Just feel sorry for Yang Xiuzhi's death.

Haha, I think the story of "Fan Jin passed the exam" is quite interesting, so I want to shorten this article. The abbreviation should focus on the main character Fan Jin. Fan Jin's experiences before passing the exam, Fan Jin's borrowing money, and Fan Jin's participation in the provincial examination can be mentioned in one stroke. The performance of the neighbors on the day when the results were released should also be mentioned in one stroke. Fan Jin's ugly appearance when he went crazy, and his awakening The process and so on must be described in detail, the performance of the neighbors, Butcher Hu, Zhang Xiangshen and others must be summarized, and the part where Fan Jin gave money to Butcher Hu must be briefly described in detail. In this way, the evils of the feudal imperial examination system can be exposed through Fan Jin's crazy performance and the performance of everyone.

I want to abbreviate "Outwit the Birthday Guide". Regarding the precautions and conflicts of Yang Zhi and others, we should briefly describe what Yang Zhi is like and who has opinions. How Chao Gai planned to lure Yang Zhi and others to drink wine and steal the birthday card will be described in detail. Pay attention to only tell the plot, delete the parts that describe the characters' language, expressions, actions, etc., and just express the story coherently.

The students talked very well about how to abbreviate the novel. In fact, although the teacher just briefly described the characteristics of abbreviations using the analogy of making compressed biscuits, students must pay attention to one thing. When abbreviating, you must not adjust each part of the original text to equal proportions, but grasp the main point of the story. characters and main plot,

Make corresponding adjustments according to the need to highlight the main point. Keep what should be left intact, delete what should be deleted, and compress what should be compressed. Only in this way can the adjusted article meet the writing requirements. Dear students, an argumentative article is a style of writing that analyzes things, discusses things, and puts forward opinions.

The author uses methods such as presenting facts, reasoning, and distinguishing right from wrong to determine whether his views are correct or wrong, and to establish or deny a certain proposition. Among the argumentative essays we have learned, which one is your favorite? Can you clarify the argument of the article and abbreviate one of the articles?

Learn abbreviations PPT, part 4: Ideas and writing methods

Turn detailed description into overview

PHS, all concrete and vivid novels mainly rely on description to decorate and stack, with the help of the characters' appearance, language, movements, expressions, psychological descriptions, and even descriptions of scenes and environments, etc., to put the characters in a specific background and watch. Once you can see it, touch it, and think about it, the novel becomes much more interesting. So when abbreviating, we need to cut off all these decorations and stacking things, just like cutting branches, retain the backbone of the narrative, delete all irrelevant ones, compress all irrelevant ones, and change the novel's detailed description language into It is a summary language, just tell the ins and outs of the story clearly, don't be afraid of missing content, because these contents are not important in the first place. For example, the three paragraphs in the middle of "The Death of Yang Xiu":

...Cao tried to build a garden; when it was done, Cao looked at it without commenting on it, he just took a pen and wrote the word "live" on the door and left. No one knows what it means. Xiu said: "The word 'huo' added to the word 'men' is also the word 'kuo'." The Prime Minister thought the garden gate was too broad. So he built another wall. When the renovation was complete, he asked Cao Cao to observe it. Cao was overjoyed and asked, "Who knows what I mean?" "The left and right people said: "Yang Xiuye. "Although Cao Cao is praised as beautiful, he is very jealous of it.

Another day, a box of cakes arrived from Saibei. Cao wrote the words "Yihe Su" on the box and put it on his desk. When Xiu came in and saw it, he actually took the spoon and shared the food with everyone. Cao asked why. Xiu replied: "It is written clearly on the box, 'One person has one bite of cake'. How dare you disobey the Prime Minister's order?" Although Cao laughed happily, he felt disgusted.

He was afraid that people would secretly plot against him, so he often said to his left and right: "I like to kill people in my dreams; when I am asleep, you should not come near me." One day, while sleeping in the tent, the quilt fell to the ground. A nearby attendant hurriedly took the cover. Cao jumped up and drew his sword to kill him, then went back to bed to sleep. After a while, he stood up and asked in surprise: "Who killed my close servant?" Everyone answered the truth. Cao cried bitterly and was buried well. Everyone thinks that Cao Guo killed someone in his dream. Wei Xiu knew its meaning, and when he was about to be buried, he pointed it out and sighed: "The Prime Minister was not in a dream, but you were in a dream!" Cao Cao became even more disgusted after hearing this.

The total of the above is about 300 words. According to the word limit of the abbreviation, it can be summed up in one sentence, and it can be summarized as "Yang Xiu relied on Cai Fangkuang, and was disgusted by Cao Cao many times because he said what was on Cao Cao's mind." If the word limit is looser, then when summarizing the fragment, you can be more specific and list them one by one, such as: Yang Xiu relied on Cai Fangkuang, and was disgusted by Cao Cao many times because he spoke of Cao Cao's concerns. The word "live" was inscribed on Cao Cao's door, and Yang Xiu guessed his intention; he deliberately misinterpreted "Yihe Crisps" and shared the cakes with everyone; he knew that Cao Cao killed his servants because of his suspicious nature, which aroused Cao Cao's disgust.

Distill abstracts from rigorous arguments

Little angel, the most important thing when writing an abstract for an argumentative essay is to grasp the argumentative argument. We must first clarify the author's point of view, and then follow the author's train of thought to find out the sub-arguments of the article, and pay attention to the important arguments and argumentation processes that appear in each sub-argument.

To write an abstract for "Letter to Captain Butler on the British-French Allied Forces Expedition to China", we must first understand the author's point of view. He is critical of the British-French Allied Forces Expedition to China. Let’s read the actual content of this article again. This article uses a lot of contrasting techniques to highlight the magnificence of the Old Summer Palace and the crimes of the British and French allied forces in destroying the Old Summer Palace. Then it tells the “story of two robbers”, This story was used to highlight the shamelessness of the atrocities committed by the British and French forces, and finally completely negated the expedition.

When we write an abstract, we must also follow the author's writing ideas, extract the most important arguments and arguments, and concatenate them into a text.

Keywords: Free download of Chinese PPT courseware for the first volume of the ninth grade Chinese version of the People's Education Press, download of learning abbreviation PPT, .PPT format;

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Update Time: 2024-11-22

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