"Two iron balls hit the ground at the same time" PPT courseware 11

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"Two iron balls hit the ground at the same time" PPT courseware 11

In Pisa, Italy, it was built in 1174. The tower has a total of 8 floors and is 54.5 meters high. When the entire tower was completed, the center line of the tower top had deviated from the vertical line of the tower center by about 2 meters. The tower is famous for its "tilt but not collapse".

Self-reading goals:

1. Read the pronunciation of the characters correctly and read the sentences clearly.

2. Whose story is the text about? What period and country is he from?

3. What did he do? In what order are the texts narrated?

I will read:

Debate Common Answer Belief Doubt

blame, violate, once, doubt, hold back

fact conclusion explanation test prove

indeed the professor declared the leaning tower stubborn

Surprise shouts philosopher can't help it

Unchangeable and daring

understand words

Philosopher: Philosopher, wise, or wise person.

Philosophers are experts who study people's general views on the world and how to correctly handle various problems.

Professor: teach, impart, such as teaching.

Professors are the highest-ranking teachers in universities.

Believe: Believe and worship.

Disobey: disobey, disobey. The meaning of violation or disobedience.

Audacious: arrogant, not unreasonable, random.

So bold that he doesn't care and does whatever he wants.

1. Read the text aloud and think about:

1. What does the text mainly talk about between Aristotle and Galileo?

The text talks about the Italian scientist ( ) who came up with ( ) from a sentence of ( ) when he was young, and through ( ) and ( ), he came to the conclusion ( ). He praised Galileo's independent personality and spirit of pursuing truth without superstitious authority.

2. Divide paragraphs

Part One (1): A brief introduction to Galileo.

Part Two (2-4): When people all believed in Aristotle, Galileo had doubts about Aristotle's words and decided to conduct a public experiment on the Leaning Tower of Pisa.

Part Three (5-6): Galileo's experiment allowed people to see the fact that two iron balls landed at the same time.

Why has Aristotle’s false statement been believed by people for thousands of years and no one has ever doubted it?

At that time, people who studied science believed in Aristotle and regarded the words of this Greek philosopher more than 2,000 years ago as unchangeable truth. If anyone doubted Aristotle, people would reproach him: "What do you mean? Are you going to violate human truth?"

The latter is a rhetorical question, reflecting the fanatical worship of Aristotle by the scientific community at that time and their belief in his words as unquestionable truth. In this environment, Galileo was good at thinking, dared to challenge authority, and showed his scientific attitude of persistent pursuit of truth.

What questions did Galileo have? Draw the sentence in which Galileo doubted Aristotle.

If this sentence is correct, then if these two iron balls are tied together, the slower falling iron ball will drag the faster falling iron ball, and the falling speed should be slower than the 10-pound iron ball; however, if the two iron balls are tied together The two iron balls weigh 11 pounds as a whole and should fall faster than the 10-pound iron ball. How can we explain that two opposite conclusions can be drawn from one fact?

Galileo's thought process:

10+1<10 If two iron balls are tied together, the slower one will drag down the faster one, and the falling speed should be slower than the 10-pound one; 10+1>10 If two iron balls are tied together, there will be 11 pounds. Heavy, it should fall faster than 10 pounds.

How can we explain that two opposite conclusions can be drawn from one fact?

If Aristotle is correct, two outcomes are possible:

If two iron balls are tied together, the slower one will drag the faster one, and the falling speed will be slower than the 10-pound iron ball.

If the two iron balls tied together are considered as a whole, they weigh 11 pounds, and they will fall faster than the 10-pound iron ball.

Text analysis

What was the significance of Galileo's experiment?

The significance of Galileo's experiment was not only to prove that Aristotle was wrong, but more importantly, to enable people to establish a correct scientific outlook, that is, not to be superstitious about authority and to pursue the truth persistently.

Speaking training:

As a relative, friend, and person around Galileo, what would you tell him?

Identities include: relatives, colleagues, friends, students...

If you were one of them, what would you say to him?

Only then did everyone realize that not everything a great philosopher like Aristotle said was right.

What Aristotle said is not correct either. ( )

Everything Aristotle said is right. ( )

Everything Aristotle said was wrong. ( )

Some of what Aristotle said is right and some is wrong. ( )

After reading the text, I understood:

We must respect authority, but not be superstitious and have a spirit of skepticism.

We must have a rigorous scientific attitude and a persistent spirit of pursuing truth.

We should develop a good habit of using our brains and thinking diligently from an early age.

Summarize the full text

Through study, we not only know that Galileo did not believe in authority, dared to doubt, and devoted himself to science, but at the same time, we also had this awareness ourselves. I hope you will have the courage to think in your future studies and treat learning with a serious and rigorous attitude.

Let your imagination take wings:

Imagine what people would have said and done as people gathered around Galileo after he came down from the Leaning Tower of Pisa after his experiments. Write a paragraph with the title "After Galileo Descended the Leaning Tower", paying attention to the description of the character's language and actions.

Expand and extend:

1. Collect scientific stories about Galileo.

2. Try it out at home.

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Update Time: 2024-07-01

This template belongs to Chinese courseware Hebei Education Edition Fourth Grade Chinese Language Volume 2 industry PPT template

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