Introduction to the famous book "Don Quixote" PPT

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Introduction to the famous book "Don Quixote" PPT

Part One: Cervantes

He is the greatest writer in the history of Spanish literature. One of his works is called "humanity's first modern novel". He is Cervantes.

The date of his death was April 23. Later, UNESCO designated this day as "World Book Day".

There is such a character in a book,

Some say he is a madman, others say he is a hero;

Some say he is a coward, others say he is a warrior;

Some say he is a warrior, others say he is a poet.

He is Don Quixote written by Spanish writer Cervantes

Don Quixote PPT, part 2: Introduction to the author

Miguel de Cervantes Savandra (1547-1616) was a Spanish novelist, playwright, and poet during the Renaissance. He is known as the greatest writer in the Spanish literary world. Among the works he created, "Don Quixote" is the most famous and influential. It is a masterpiece of Renaissance realism.

Main works

1614 "Travels of Parnassus"

1613 "Collection of Stories about Punishing Evil and Promoting Good"

1605 "Don Quixote"

1585 "Galatea" and "Numancia"

introduction

The famous novel "Don Quixote" (1602~1615) is Cervantes' masterpiece. The full name of the novel is "The Gentleman Don Quixote de La Man", which consists of 2 volumes.

Don Quixote PPT, part three: main content

It mainly describes Don Quixote, a thin and declining aristocrat who is obsessed with ancient knight novels. He dresses up like an ancient knight with a broken horse, uses an ugly pig girl as the noble lady worshiping the beauty, and then uses a short and fat peasant. Sancho Panza served as a squire and traveled around the country three times to create a knight's performance of supporting the weak and hoeing the strong. As a result, he made a lot of jokes, was humiliated everywhere, was beaten seriously, or was sent home as a lunatic.

There are nearly 700 characters appearing in the novel, and the scenes depicted range from the palace to the wilderness all over the country. It reveals various contradictions in the declining Spanish Kingdom from the end of the 16th century to the beginning of the 17th century, condemns the debauchery and decadence of the aristocratic class, shows the people's pain and struggle, and touches on politics, economy, morality, culture and customs. question.

Don Quixote PPT, Part 4: Social Background

The first half of the 16th century was the heyday of Spanish history. Relying on its huge army and invincible fleet, Spain dominated the two continents of Europe and the United States and became a military power. Its capitalist industry and commerce have also developed, and its economy is prosperous. It is one of the richest regions in Europe. At the same time, its cultural and educational undertakings have also developed rapidly. After the publication of Spain's first grammar book in 1492, the language with Castilian as the national language became increasingly perfect, and Montemayor's pastoral novels, picaresque novels, chivalric novels and Rueda's plays appeared. The introduction of Renaissance ideas brought Spanish literature and art into a golden age that lasted for nearly two centuries.

Cervantes grew up on this fertile cultural soil. He was infected and influenced by the humanistic ideas of the Italian Renaissance, and had a deeper understanding of the glorious culture and art of ancient times. In this way, he can use the protagonist's mouth in "Don Quixote" to make incisive discussions on the issues of culture and education, hierarchy, integrity and justice, freedom and equality, shining the brilliance of humanistic thought.

Don Quixote PPT, Part 5: Story Introduction

Preparations before traveling

He found a set of broken armor passed down from his ancestors and wiped it again and again. When the visor was broken, he used cardboard to patch it up. There was a skinny horse in his family, and he gave it a nice name "驽jun rare", which means "it was originally a rag horse, but now it is the best among horses." According to the custom of knights, in addition to a famous horse, they also have to choose a person of their choice. He chose Aldonsha Lozhenso, a peasant girl from a neighboring village. He named her Dulcinea, which means "sweet and tender." He also made a spear and carried a shield on his arm, just like a knight.

Key points to remember: armor, horse, loved one

Important storyline of first trip

canonization ceremony

Rescue the shepherd boy

fight with businessmen

canonization ceremony

Don Quixote's first trip was alone, which lasted two days. The first day he saw an inn on the road and regarded it as a fortress. There were two prostitutes standing in the shop, and he regarded them as noble ladies; he also regarded the shopkeeper as the fortress commander. He remembered that he was an untitled knight, so he asked the "fortress officer" to grant him a title. The shopkeeper saw that Don Quixote was a bit crazy, so he beat the mule driver after entering the shop. He was afraid of causing trouble again, so he quickly complied with Don Quixote's request. The shopkeeper asked a boy to light a candle and asked two prostitutes to follow him. He himself took a ledger and asked Don Quixote to kneel before him. Then, muttering to the account book, he slapped Don Quixote hard on the neck, slapped him hard on the shoulder with his sword, and then one of the prostitutes hung the sword on him, and another The prostitute put the spurs on him. The bestowal ceremony is completed. Don Quixote got up and thanked "Sir" with joy in his heart.

Rescue the shepherd boy

The next day, he followed the advice of his "sir" and decided to go home because he had to buy luggage and find a servant. In a forest, he saw a shepherd boy about fifteen years old tied to a tree. The owner scolded him for losing the sheep and beat him hard with a whip. When Don Quixote saw an injustice on the road, he drew his sword to help, stepped forward to rescue the shepherd boy, and warned and intimidated the rich farmer. Then he walked away. After Don Quixote left, the rich peasant tied up the child again and beat him even harder.

Don Quixote PPT, Part Six: Analysis of the Image of Don Quixote

A. Isolated from reality, stubborn and obsessed with fantasy (ridiculous)

B. Knowledgeable, idealistic, willing to sacrifice, kind-hearted, and noble in spirit (lovely)

C. The purpose is noble, but the method is ridiculous. (sad)

As the novel says at the end: "He was a madman in life, but a wise man in death."

The meaning of the image of Don Quixote

A. Reflects the author’s ideological contradiction, that is, the contradiction between having humanistic ideals and being unable to find a way to realize them;

B. Criticized the system of chivalry and chivalry literature; Cervantes said: "This is a satire of chivalry literature, and it is necessary to completely destroy the evil site of chivalry literature."

The image of Don Quixote is no longer a simple reproduction of the ancient feudal knight, nor is it just a funny character that makes people laugh. Don Quixote is an "image of eternal progress", a noun with a specific meaning, and has become a synonym for overestimation, isolation from reality, indulgence in fantasy, subjectivism, pedantry and stubbornness, and backwardness in the historical process.

Don Quixote PPT, Part 7: Artistic Achievement

Satire and exaggeration, combining reality and fantasy;

Parody the form of a knight saga. It abandoned the fantasy of knight legends and absorbed the realism of picaresque novels.

The ideological tendency of the work

1. Ridiculed the popular chivalric novels

2 Profoundly reveals the contradiction between ideal and reality

3 implies a deep understanding of Spanish reality

4 Expresses thoughts on literary creation

Don Quixote PPT, Part 8: "Don Quixote" exercises

Brief description question

1. Don Quixote in "Don Quixote" did many ridiculous things. Please describe one of them.

Answer: Don Quixote regarded the thirty-four windmills in the field as long-armed giants. He thought that the magician had turned these giants into windmills, and Don Quixote wanted to fight them. So he rushed to the windmill and stabbed the windmill wing with his spear, but the strong wind blew the windmill wing, broke the spear into several pieces, and threw the horse and rider heavily to the field.

2. Please briefly describe the plot of Don Quixote calling himself the "Lion Knight"

Don Quixote saw a vehicle transporting lions and asked the driver to open the lion's cage so that he could fight the lion. When the cage door opened, the lion just yawned and refused to fight. Don Quixote asked the man in charge of the lion to give him a few sticks to make him lose his temper. But he refused, pretending to praise Don Quixote, and then closed the cage door. After that, Don Quixote gave himself this title.

Don Quixote PPT, Part 9: Thinking Exercises

What practical significance does reading "Don Quixote" have for us?

On the one hand, this book criticizes the evils of the times and exposes and criticizes the ugly phenomena of society. On the other hand, it praises the good virtues of eradicating violence, punishing evil and promoting good, helping the poor and the weak. All of these are common human emotions. They can travel through time and space, and have a positive impact on every era. , every nation has eternal value, and it still touches every reader four centuries later.

The three knight-errant adventures of Don Quixote and Sancho.

On his first trip, he saved a shepherd boy but was injured by a businessman. He was sent back by his neighbor like a mummy lying on a donkey.

On his second trip, he persuaded Sancho Panza to become his squire, promising to make him governor of the island one day. This time, he was fighting a windmill (fighting giants), rescuing a lady (rescuing a princess kidnapped by a monster monk), fighting sheep (supporting a weak army to defeat a strong enemy), freeing prisoners, and finally returning injured.

The third trip: Sancho became the "Governor" in a town owned by the duke. Don Quixote wanted to realize his ideal of reforming society here, but he was fooled by the nobles and almost died. In the end, Don was defeated by the "Knight of the White Moon" and became bedridden from then on. He only woke up on his deathbed.

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Update Time: 2024-09-22

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