"The Outbreak of Civil War" PPT

Description

"The Outbreak of Civil War" PPT

Part One: Introduction of New Course

Desire for peace and oppose civil war

The Chinese people have not enjoyed a peaceful life for more than thirty years. On the one hand, they are invaded by the enemy and on the other hand, there is continuous civil war... Our expectations for post-war peace are as urgent as hungry people waiting for food... ...We are opposed to civil war. No matter what legal explanation is used, we will still oppose it. If there is civil war, the entire Chinese people will suffer infinite damage...Has the peaceful wish of the Chinese people been realized? Today let us study Lesson 23 The Civil War broke out and learn about it!

learning target

1. Understand Chiang Kai-shek’s purpose of inviting Mao Zedong to Chongqing for negotiations;

2. Know the contents of the Double Ten Agreement and the Political Consultative Conference;

3. Know the historical facts of the military and civilians in the liberated areas smashing the Kuomintang's all-out offensive and key offensives.

PPT on the outbreak of civil war, part 2: new course teaching

1. Chongqing Negotiations

1.Background

①Chiang Kai-shek and the U.S. government he supported conspired to launch a civil war

②Chiang Kai-shek telegraphed an invitation to Mao Zedong to come to Chongqing for negotiations

Read the following materials and answer the questions:

What was the purpose of Chiang Kai-shek inviting Mao Zedong to Chongqing for negotiations?

The purpose: First, to buy time to launch a civil war; second, to gain the initiative in political public opinion and impose the charge of unwillingness for peace on the Chinese Communist Party.

③In order to strive for domestic peace, the CCP was invited to negotiate

The purpose of Mao Zedong’s negotiation in Chongqing

A. Respond to the people’s call for peace, defend the people’s interests, stop civil war as much as possible, and strive to seek a path of peace, democracy, and unity;

B. If the peace talks fail, expose Chiang Kai-shek’s fake peace through genuine peace talks, express the CCP’s sincerity for peace, and unite and educate the masses.

2. Time and place

Negotiations between the Communist Party of China and the Kuomintang in Chongqing from August to October 1945

3.Results

On October 10, 1945, the Kuomintang and the Communist Party signed the "Minutes of Talks between Government and Communist Party Representatives", known as the "Double Ten Agreement." Both sides agreed to cooperate for a long time on the basis of peace, democracy, unity and reunification, resolutely avoid civil war and build an independent, free and prosperous new China. Convene a political consultative meeting to invite representatives from various political parties and social sages to discuss national issues and discuss plans for peaceful nation-building.

4. Convening of the Political Consultative Conference

Time January 10, 1946

Location Chongqing

main content

Issues such as the establishment of a coalition government, the peaceful founding of the country, the convening of the National Assembly, the revision of the draft constitution, and the reorganization of the army were discussed.

A series of resolutions were passed, reaffirming the policy of avoiding civil war and building a peaceful country.

The convening of the Chongqing Negotiation and Political Consultative Conference has brought a glimmer of hope for China to achieve democratic reunification and build a peaceful nation.

2. The Kuomintang launched a civil war

1. The situation before the outbreak of the civil war

2. The outbreak of civil war

Time: June 1946

Sign: Chiang Kai-shek blatantly violated the "Double Ten Agreement", tore up the CPPCC resolutions, besieged the Central Plains Liberated Areas with all his strength, and launched a full-scale civil war.

3. Comprehensive attack and focused attack

In October 1946, the Kuomintang troops occupied Zhangjiakou, and the all-out offensive reached its peak; in March 1947, the Kuomintang's all-out offensive was crushed. Begin to launch key attacks on the Northern Shaanxi Liberated Areas and Shandong Liberated Areas.

3. Self-defense counterattack by the military and civilians in the liberated areas

1. “All reactionaries are paper tigers”

In August 1946, in a conversation with American journalist Anna Louise Strong, Mao Zedong put forward the famous conclusion that "all reactionaries are paper tigers", which strengthened the Chinese people's confidence in the victory of the revolution.

2. Smash the Kuomintang’s all-out attack

Think about it: Facing the Kuomintang’s crazy offensive, what strategy did the People’s Liberation Army adopt to finally crush the enemy’s all-out attack?

Strategy and tactics: self-defense war

Main method: mobile warfare

Main goal: Annihilate the enemy's vital forces

Combat principles: Concentrate superior forces to annihilate the enemy individually

3. Smash the KMT’s key offensive

Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai and others led the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the People's Liberation Army headquarters to evacuate Yan'an and move to northern Shaanxi.

Peng Dehuai led the Northwest Field Army to victory in the Qinghuabian and Shajiadian battles, shattering the Kuomintang army's key offensive in northern Shaanxi.

The East China Field Army destroyed the Kuomintang's ace main reorganized 74th Division in the Battle of Menglianggu, Shandong, and repelled the enemy's key attack on the Shandong People's Liberation Army.

PPT on the outbreak of civil war, part three: drill in class

1. If you enter the three keywords "1945", "Mao Zedong" and "Double Ten Agreement" into the Baidu search engine, the most likely event should be ( )

A. Zunyi Conference B． Xi'an Incident

C． The Seventh National Congress of the Communist Party of China D． Chongqing Negotiations

2. Popular words reflect the themes of the times. “Peace, democracy” is most likely to be popular in ( )

A. During the Northern Expedition B. Anti-Japanese War Period

C． During the Chongqing negotiations between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party D. during the war of liberation

3. The CCP leader who participated in both the Xi’an Incident peace talks and the Chongqing negotiations is ( )

A. Mao Zedong b. Zhou Enlai

C． Ye Ting D. Peng Dehuai

4. The sign of the outbreak of all-out civil war is ( )

A. Chongqing Negotiations B. The Kuomintang attacks the Central Plains Liberated Area

C． The Communist Party Central Committee moved to northern Shaanxi D． Liu and Deng’s armies advance into the Dabie Mountains

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"The Outbreak of Civil War" PPT courseware:

"The Outbreak of Civil War" PPT courseware Part One: Chongqing Negotiations 1. Background: After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, the people longed for peace, and the United States supported Chiang Kai-shek's conspiracy to launch a civil war. 2. Reason: Chiang Kai-shek telegraphed an invitation to Mao Zedong to Chongqing to discuss peace issues. It was a false peace but a real civil war. ..

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Update Time: 2024-10-05

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