"The International Workers' Movement and the Birth of Marxism" The First Industrial Revolution and the International Workers' Movement PPT Courseware 2

Description

"The International Workers' Movement and the Birth of Marxism" The First Industrial Revolution and the International Workers' Movement PPT Courseware 2

【learning target】

1. Understand the symbols and influences of the British Chartist Movement, Marxism and the establishment of the Paris Commune.

2. Understand the revolutionary spirit of the Paris Commune.

Self-study guidance

Students carefully read pages 117-122 of the text, think about the following questions while reading and underline the key points. After 8 minutes, compete to see who can answer correctly.

1. What were the origin, content, nature and results of the British Chartist Movement?

2. How was Marxism born?

3. What are the theoretical contents and symbols of Marxism?

4. What was the process and nature of the establishment of the Paris Commune?

5. Who is the lyricist and composer of "The Internationale"?

1. International workers’ movement

What was the reason for the vigorous rise of the European labor movement in the 1830s and 1940s?

As the industrial revolution progressed, the bourgeoisie became richer and richer, but workers were treated poorly. The majority of workers demand improved working and living conditions and enhanced political status.

Initially, the struggle of the workers against the capitalists was spontaneous and often manifested itself in the destruction of machines and factories.

As the struggle unfolds, practice educates workers, making them gradually realize that the root cause of unemployment and poverty lies not in the role of machines, but in the exploitation and oppression of capitalists. As a result, the struggle gradually entered a new stage: economic struggle through strikes.

The strike struggle further raised the consciousness of the proletariat and made workers realize that they must start from changing their politically powerless status and launch a political struggle.

2. British Chartist Movement (1836-1848)

(1) Beginning: The "London Working Men's Association" was founded in 1836 - marking the beginning of the Chartist movement.

(2) In 1837, the "People's Charter (Platform) Petition" was drafted, proposing political demands such as universal male suffrage and the removal of property qualification restrictions for candidates.

Material: P118: Articles of the "People's Charter":

1. All men who are over 21 years old, mentally sound, and have not been sentenced have the right to vote.

(proposing universal male suffrage)

2. Eliminate the property qualification restrictions for members to ensure that each constituency elects the people they love, regardless of whether they are rich or poor.

(Removal of candidate property qualification restrictions)

3. The nature of the Chartist movement

It is the first mass and political proletarian revolutionary movement in the world.

4. Results and historical significance of the Chartist Movement

(1) Result: Failure (the main reason for failure: lack of scientific theory for guidance)

(2) Historical significance: The first paragraph of P119: Not only...but also...

The conditions for the birth of Marxism

Economic premise: The industrial revolution promotes the development of capitalism

Class basis: the rise of the independent labor movement and the emergence of the working class on the stage of history

Ideological basis: the rise of European socialist ideas

Practical activities: Ma and En’s efforts in establishing a proletarian political party

Collaborative exploration:

What noble qualities should we learn from Marx and Engels?

A. Care about the working people, have a deep understanding of workers’ lives, and be willing to dedicate everything to the working people.

B. Abandoned the original comfortable living conditions, chose to benefit mankind as his career, and struggled for the realization of his ideals in the face of adversity.

C. Be diligent and eager to learn, absorb the essence of the thoughts of the predecessors, and be knowledgeable.

D. Pay attention to social practice and create scientific theories based on the practice of the labor movement.

3. Paris Commune

1. Background: The defeat of the Franco-Prussian War and the reaction of the Provisional Government

2. Uprising on March 18, 1871:

3. The commune was established (March 28)

4. Nature of commune: the first working class government in history

5. The battle to defend the Commune - "May Bloody Week" (May 21-28, 1871)

Class training questions

1. The picture below is Marx’s tombstone located in Highgate Cemetery in London, England. On the top of the monument is a sculpture of Marx’s head. On top of the monument is engraved Marx’s famous saying: Workers of the world, unite! This quote comes from

A. "People's Charter" B. "Internationale"

C. "Communist Manifesto" D. "Emancipation Proclamation"

2. “Socialism evolved from utopia to science, from theory to practice, and from theory to reality” is a scholar’s ​​summary of the development characteristics of the international communist movement before the 1920s. The following historical facts that can embody "from fantasy to science" are:

A. The rise of the European labor movement B. The publication of the Communist Manifesto

C. The establishment of the Paris Commune D. Victory of the October Revolution

3. (2013·Weifang) In middle school, Marx was determined to benefit mankind and devoted his life to this end. His major achievements in the 1840s were

A. Publish the "People's Charter" B. Establish the Communist League

C. Led the Paris Commune D. Founded scientific socialism

4. (2013·Fu'an) Figure 2 is the biography of an outstanding figure in world history

part of the directory. This person is

A.Lincoln B.Marx

C. Cromwell D. Eugène Baudier

9. Read the following materials:

Material 1: All adult men have the right to vote; a secret ballot is held; equal constituencies; property qualification requirements are abolished for the election of commentators; MPs should be paid; MPs hold general elections every June. ——"People's Charter"

Material 2 Let the ruling class tremble in the face of communist revolution. The proletarians have nothing to lose in this revolution but their chains. What they will gain is the whole world. --"The Communist Manifesto"

Material 3: Rise up, slaves who are hungry and cold; stand up, people who are suffering all over the world! The blood in your heart is already boiling, and you must fight for the truth. ——"The Internationale"

Please answer:

(1) Material 1 is the revolutionary program of which workers’ movement? What demands did the working class make?

(2) Based on Material 2, summarize the main contents of the "Communist Manifesto". What is the significance of its publication?

(3) Material 3 was created to commemorate which revolutionary movement? What kind of revolutionary spirit does it reflect?

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Update Time: 2024-10-19

This template belongs to History courseware East China Normal University Edition Ninth Grade History Volume 1 industry PPT template

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