"Establishing Confidence and Learning to Refute" PPT courseware

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"Establishing Confidence and Learning to Refute" PPT courseware

Part One: Import a new lesson

Only those who are full of self-confidence can immerse themselves in life with confidence and realize their own will everywhere. ——Gorky

I'm a bit suspicious of the word "proud". Anyone who has a little bit of drive and ability always believes in himself and is a person with some opinions. The more assertive a person is, the more confident he is. This one isn't bad. He is really a bit proud. If he is put in a proper position, he will become humble himself, otherwise he will not be able to survive. ——Deng Xiaoping

Establish confidence and learn to refute PPT, Part 2: Learning Objectives

1. Understand the basic characteristics of refutation papers, learn the methods of refuting and how to write refutation papers.

2. Learn appropriate, reasonable and powerful rebuttals in written and oral expressions.

Learn important and difficult points

1. Master the basic characteristics of refutation papers.

2. Flexibly refute from the three aspects of arguments, arguments and demonstrations.

Establish confidence and learn to refute PPT, the third part: topic explanation

Basic characteristics of rebuttal argumentative essays:

Refutation is an argumentation method that directly refutes the other party's argument or argument or argumentation process to establish one's own point of view. It is also called refutation. When writing a refutation paper, you usually first point out the essence of the other party's error, either directly refute (refutation point), or indirectly refute (refutation point, refute argument), and then put forward your own point of view and demonstrate it in a tit-for-tat manner.

Directly refute an argument

Criticize the opponent's argument and point out its absurdity and falsehood. The more commonly used method is direct refutation, that is, using correct arguments and facts to directly prove that the other party's argument is wrong.

reductio ad absurdum

The method of reductio ad absurdum, also called extended argument, is to prove that the other party's argument is false. First, it is assumed to be true, and then based on this premise, a very absurd conclusion is logically derived to prove the error of the other party's argument. The method of reductio ad absurdum is to "amplify" the errors of the opponent's argument and push it to the extreme, exposing all the fallacies and absurdities without being self-defeating. This is actually a method of retreat to advance.

Interesting story

Li He in the Tang Dynasty could not take the Jinshi examination because his father's name was Jin Su, and "Jin" and "Jin" have the same pronunciation. He wanted to avoid his father's taboo. Han Yu was very angry at this unreasonable custom and etiquette, so he wrote an article "Taubian" to refute it, and used the Gui Miao method in the article. He said: "The father's name is Jinsu, and the son cannot be admitted to the Jinshi. If the father's name is Ren, the son cannot be a human being?" In order to avoid his father's name, he was not allowed to be admitted to the Jinshi. The error is not very obvious, but according to this logical inference For a moment, no matter what the father's name is, the son cannot do anything. So if the father's name is "Ren", can't the son be a human being?

Establish confidence and learn to refute PPT, the fourth part: wonderful discussion

The common courtesy in the Republic of China was to bow, but if someone thought it was wrong, he would be made to kowtow. There is no flogging in the laws of the Republic of China. If someone thinks that corporal punishment is good, that person will be spanked especially when he commits a crime. Bowls, chopsticks and food are provided for today's people. Those who wish to be the people of Suiren's past are invited to eat raw meat;

Build a few more thatched huts, pull out the noble scholars who admired Yao and Shun in the big house, and live in them. Those who oppose material civilization should naturally not let them ride in cars. If we do this, it is true that "there is no need to complain if you seek benevolence and gain it", and our ears will be much purer. ——Lu Xun

Establish confidence and learn to refute PPT, Part 5: Appreciation of quality products

If you don’t clean one house, you can sweep the whole world

"If you don't sweep one house, how can you sweep the world?" This sentence came from the Eastern Han Dynasty a thousand years ago. A thousand years later, we start thinking again. We can completely endow this ancient proposition with the guidance of the idea of ​​advancing with the times. The new connotation, and the connotation of this new era is: if you don’t clean one house, you can sweep the world.

The original must first be cleared of origin. Marxism-Leninism believes that there are contradictions in everything in the world, and contradictions can be divided into primary and secondary contradictions. If the primary contradiction is resolved, the secondary contradictions will also be easily resolved. Moreover, human energy is limited, and too much energy should be focused on trivial matters. It will definitely have an impact on the overall plan. This is really a small loss, and the loss outweighs the gain.

"One house" refers to trivial matters, which are secondary contradictions that have no decisive effect on the development of things. "Sweeping one house" refers to resolving secondary contradictions, while "tianxia" refers to major undertakings. "Sweeping the world" means It is success in career that is recognized by the public. There is a connection between "one house" and "sweeping the world", but this connection is not inevitable. In the process of resolving the main contradictions to achieve the ultimate goal of conquering the world, it would be best if the secondary contradictions could be solved together. But does it mean that we cannot conquer the world without resolving the secondary contradictions? And does it follow that only by resolving the secondary contradictions can we conquer the world? This is patently absurd.

After all, human energy is limited, especially in an era of information explosion like modern society. The things that people have to deal with are more than a hundred times more than in ancient society. If we focus our main energy on resolving secondary contradictions, if we Sticking to the gains and losses of one city and one pool will eventually lead to the old path of "picking up sesame seeds and losing melons". Didn't you see that Einstein, who had messy hair all day long, proposed the theory of relativity, and Lincoln, who caught fire in the backyard, became one of the most accomplished presidents of the United States? , Chairman Mao, who could not shoot, still liberated the whole of China!

Keywords: Free download of PPT courseware for the four compulsory courses in high school Chinese from the People's Education Press, PPT download to establish confidence in learning and rebuttal, .PPT format;

For more information about the PPT courseware "Building Confidence in Learning to Refute", please click on the "Building Confidence in Learning to Refute" PPT courseware.

"Establishing Confidence and Learning to Refute" PPT:

"Establishing Confidence and Learning to Refute" PPT Part One Content: Teaching Purpose: Guide students to observe life carefully, so as to understand that there are refutations everywhere in life, and allow students to express their opinions on issues with reason and evidence. Review the basic structure and methods of refutation papers and conclude...

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Update Time: 2024-11-19

This template belongs to Chinese courseware People's Education Press High School Chinese Compulsory Course Four industry PPT template

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