"Scientific Exploration: Specific Heat Capacity of Matter" Internal Energy and Heat Engine PPT Courseware

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"Scientific Exploration: Specific Heat Capacity of Matter" Internal Energy and Heat Engine PPT Courseware

Ask a question:

(1) Does boiling a pot of water require the same amount of heat as boiling half a pot of water?

(2) To heat copper and iron blocks of the same mass and raise the same temperature, does it require the same amount of heat?

What factors are related to the increase in object temperature?

Why do seawater and sand have different temperatures at the same time?

Guess: It may be because sand absorbs heat to heat up or releases heat to cool down faster than water.

What issues should we pay attention to?

1. Heat equal amounts of water and kerosene and observe which substance's temperature rises faster.

2. If the heating methods are exactly the same, it can be considered that the heat absorbed by the substance per unit time is the same.

Conduct experiments and collect evidence

a. Put a certain mass of water and kerosene into two containers, and install the experimental equipment.

b. Record the temperature t1 of the liquid before heating.

c. Power on the electric heater for a period of time and then turn off the power. At the same time, pull the stirring rod up and down. After the temperature is balanced, record the temperature t2 of the liquid.

Analysis and Demonstration

When the same substance of the same mass raises the same temperature, the heat absorbed is ________;

When different substances of the same mass raise the same temperature, the heat absorbed is ________,

We call the heat absorbed (released) when the temperature of a unit mass of a substance increases (decreases) by 1°C as the specific heat capacity of the substance.

Unit: J/(kg·C)

Symbol: J/(kg · ℃)

Read as: Joules per kilogram degrees Celsius

think about it

Why do seawater and sand have different temperatures at the same time?

Because seawater and sand receive sunlight for exactly the same amount of time, they absorb the same amount of heat. However, the specific heat of seawater is greater than that of sand, so seawater heats up more slowly than sand. When there is no sunlight, seawater cools down more slowly than sand.

Rice is a temperature-loving crop. When raising rice seedlings in March and April every year, in order to prevent frost, some water is often poured into the rice fields overnight in the evening. After the sun rises the next day, the water in the rice fields is drained. Can you explain the reason? ?

Do the math

When a household uses a water heater to boil water and raises 50kg of water from 20℃ to 50℃, _________J heat must be absorbed.

[cwater=4.2×103J·(kg·℃)]

The specific heat capacity of object A is greater than the specific heat capacity of object B, if ( )

A. If the masses of A and B are equal, then A must absorb more heat

B． If the heat absorbed by A and B is equal, then the temperature of B must increase more

C． If A and B have equal masses and their temperatures rise to the same level, then A must absorb more heat.

D. The masses of A and B are equal, and the heat released by them is also equal, so the temperature of A must be lowered by more.

There are two pieces of metal copper and aluminum with the same mass. It is known that the specific heat capacity of copper is less than the specific heat capacity of aluminum, then (　)

A. They lower the same temperature. The heat released by aluminum must be greater than the heat released by copper.

B． They raise the same temperature, the heat absorbed by copper must be greater than the heat absorbed by aluminum

C． After they release the same amount of heat, the temperature dropped by aluminum must be greater than the temperature dropped by copper.

D. After they absorb the same amount of heat, the final temperature of copper must be higher than that of aluminum.

Students in a school's extracurricular physics interest group are going to explore the following two questions through experiments: ① Different substances with the same mass, when the temperature changes are the same, how much heat is absorbed depends on what factors? ② Different substances with the same mass. After absorbing the same amount of heat, what factors are related to their temperature changes?

They filled cup A in Figure 12 with 480mL of water with a density of 1.0g/mL and a specific heat capacity of 4.2×103/(kg·℃), and cup B with 600mL of water with a density of 0.8g/mL and a specific heat capacity of 2.1×103J/(kg·℃) kerosene, the initial temperatures of both liquids are 20℃. Use two identical electric heaters to heat water and kerosene respectively. Tables 1 and 2 are the data recorded during the two experimental investigations.

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For more information about the PPT courseware "Internal Energy and Heat Engine Scientifically Exploring the Specific Heat Capacity of Matter", please click the "Internal Energy and Heat Engine PPT Scientific Exploration of the Specific Heat Capacity of Matter" PPT tag.

"Scientific Exploration: Specific Heat Capacity of Matter" Internal Energy and Heat Engine PPT Courseware 3:

"Scientific Exploration: Specific Heat Capacity of Substances" Internal Energy and Heat Engine PPT Courseware 3 The amount of heat absorbed by a certain substance when it heats up may be related to what factors, and what is the relationship? Does it take the same amount of heat to boil a full pot of water as it does to boil a half pot? Not the same as many, a full pot of water...

"Scientific Exploration: Specific Heat Capacity of Matter" Internal Energy and Heat Engine PPT Courseware 2:

"Scientific Exploration: Specific Heat Capacity of Materials" Internal Energy and Heat Engine PPT Courseware 2 1. Explore the heat absorption or release laws of materials. Water and kerosene are used as research objects. Put _______ water and kerosene into two containers respectively and use _______ electricity. The heater heats the measuring liquid___ using _______..

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Update Time: 2024-11-19

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