Beijing Normal University Edition Eighth Grade Biology Volume 2

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"The Origin of Life" PPT

Part One: Hypotheses of Origin

"Chemical origin theory" about the origin of life

The theory of chemical origin holds that there was originally no life on the earth, and that life evolved step by step from non-living substances through extremely complex chemical processes.

think:

1. What was the environment like on the primitive earth?

2. What is the difference between the original atmosphere and the current atmosphere?

3. Based on the environment of the primitive Earth, was there life on the primitive Earth? Why?

Analysis and thinking:

1. Compared with the atmosphere on modern Earth, what are the characteristics of the composition of the original atmosphere?

2. Where did the energy for synthesizing organic matter from inorganic matter in the original atmosphere come from?

3. Why is the primitive ocean the cradle of primitive life?

The Origin of Life PPT, Part 2: Natural Conditions for the Generation of Life

Thinking questions

1. What material basis did the primitive earth provide for the emergence of primitive life?

2. What energy conditions did the primitive earth provide for the emergence of primitive life?

3. What place did the primitive earth provide for the emergence of primitive life?

Do you think that under current environmental conditions, primitive life will no longer form on the earth? Why?

Under the current environmental conditions of the earth, primitive life will no longer be formed on the earth, because there are no environmental conditions required for the formation of primitive life, such as primitive atmosphere, high temperature, continuous thunder and lightning, etc.

The Origin of Life PPT, Part 3: Evolutionary Stages

Stage 1: Generate organic small molecules from inorganic small molecules

Miller experiment

Thinking 1. How is the experiment carried out?

Thinking 2. What is the basis for the experiment? Please come up with some questions for Miller's experiment based on your thinking.

Thinking 3. What results were obtained from the experiment? What does it mean?

Analysis and discussion:

1. In Miller's experimental device, what does the gas flowing into the closed experimental device represent? What phenomenon did the spark discharge during the experiment simulate on the primitive earth?

2. The condenser tube can cool the reacted gas and water vapor to form a liquid. What process does this simulate?

3. What are the phenomena and results of Miller’s experiment?

4. Which stage of the origin of life process was supported by Miller's experiment?

Second stage: forming biological macromolecules from small organic molecules

In 1965, Chinese scientists successfully synthesized life-active crystalline bovine insulin using amino acids.

In 1981, another important substance that makes up life, nucleic acid, was artificially synthesized using simple organic matter.

This scientific result supports the second stage of the formation of primitive life - the formation of organic macromolecules from small organic molecules.

The Origin of Life PPT, Part 4: Answers to Questions

Compare who can answer better:

1. The primitive atmosphere formed many simple organic substances under the long-term action of natural conditions such as _______, _______, lightning, and so on.

2. Primitive life originated from _______ matter.

3. There is a significant difference in composition between the original earth’s atmosphere and the current air. The composition of the atmosphere at that time was mainly ( )

A. Water vapor, ammonia, methane, etc.

B. Nitrogen, oxygen, water vapor, carbon dioxide, etc.

C. Oxygen, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, etc.

D. Water vapor, oxygen, nitrogen, etc.

4. The place where primitive life was formed is ( )

A. Primitive atmosphere B. Primitive ocean

C. On land D. In the atmosphere

5. Which of the following statements about the origin of life is correct ( )

A. Life is created by God and God

B. Life migrated from alien planets

C. Life occurs naturally

D. The formation of life proceeds gradually from inorganic matter in the primitive atmosphere to organic matter and then to primitive life.

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Update Time: 2024-06-30

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