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Returns the net present value of an investment using a discount rate and a range of future expenses (negative values) and income (positive values).
Syntax NPV(rate,value1,value2,...)
rate is the discount rate for a certain period, which is a fixed value.
Value1, value2, ... are parameters from 1 to 29, representing expenses and income.
• Value1, value2, ... must be equally spaced in time and all occur at the end of the period.
• NPV uses the sequence Value1,Value2, ... to explain the sequence of cash flows. So be sure to make sure that the amounts for expenses and income are entered in the correct order.
• If the parameter is a numeric value, a blank cell, a logical value, or a text expression of a number, it will be counted; if the parameter is an error value or text that cannot be converted to a numeric value , is ignored.
• If the argument is an array or reference, only the numbers in it are evaluated. Blank cells, logical values, text, and error values in arrays or references are ignored.
• Function NPV assumes that investment begins in the period before the date of the value1 cash flow and ends in the current period of the last cash flow. The function NPV is calculated based on future cash flows. If the first cash flow occurs at the beginning of the first period, the first cash flow must be added to the result of function NPV and should not be included in the values parameter.
• If n is the number of cash flows in the numerical parameter table, the NPV formula is as follows:
• The NPV function is similar to the PV (present value) function. The main difference between PV and NPV is that the PV function allows cash flows to begin at the beginning or end of the period. Unlike the variable cash flow values of NPV, each cash flow of PV must be fixed throughout the investment.
• The function NPV is also related to the function IRR (internal rate of return). The function IRR is the ratio that makes NPV equal to zero: NPV(IRR(...), ...) = 0.
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