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present perfect tense

1. Definition:

Indicates the impact and consequences of what happened in the past on the present.

2. Structure:

have /has + past participle of verb (in negative form, add not after have /has, in interrogative sentences, add have /has in advance)

3. Common sign words

Already, yet, ever, never, before, lately, so far, etc.

4. Usage

1. The impact of actions that occurred in the past on the present.

I have lost my pen. I have lost my pen. (Result: I don’t have a pen now)

2. An action or state in the past continues to the present and has been completed.

She has had this pen for two weeks. She has had this pen for two weeks.

3. The present perfect tense expresses the future.

I’ll wait until he has finished his work. I’ll wait until he has finished his work.

Remark:

Sentence conversion

①

I have finished my homework. (affirmative sentence)

I finished my homework.

I have not (haven’t) finished my homework. (negative sentence)

I didn't finish my homework.

Have you finished your homework? (general question)

Have you finished your homework?

②

I have been there before. (affirmative sentence)

I've been there before.

I have not (have’t) been there before. (negative sentence)

or I have never been there before.

I've never been there before.

Have you been there before?

Or Have you ever been there before?

Have you been there before?

present perfect tense