"The Biography of Mr. Wuliu" written by Tao Yuanming actually contains so many historical allusions, which increases your knowledge.

Willow trees have always been praised and loved by ancient Chinese poets. For example, the great poet He Zhizhang of the Tang Dynasty wrote "I don't know who the thin leaves are." Cut out, the spring breeze in February is like scissors", just like Su Shi's "There are few willows blowing on the branches, there are no fragrant grasses anywhere in the world" and so on.

In Chinese history, there is such a strange man who was even more obsessed with willow trees and placed a tree in front of his house He planted a five-baht willow tree and named himself "Mr. Five Willows". This strange man was Tao Yuanming, the originator of pastoral poets.

Tao Yuanming also had the Confucian ambition to help the common people in his youth, and was eager to serve the country and achieve great ambitions. During his time as an official, he saw through the darkness of officialdom and was tired of the intrigues in officialdom.

After Tao Yuanming "will not give up for not fighting for rice", he completely got rid of the shackles of the court, and from then on he devoted his love to the pastoral landscape. After that, he created a large number of pastoral poems "Drinking", "Miscellaneous Poems", etc. Among them, "The Biography of Mr. Wu Liu" shows his indifferent and detached style.

The gentleman doesn't know who he is, nor his last name. There are five willow trees beside the house, so he thinks he has a nickname. Be quiet and talk little, and don't seek glory and profit. If you like reading, you don't ask for a deep understanding; whenever you get an idea, you happily forget to eat. He is addicted to alcohol and cannot get it often if his family is poor. If you know this from someone close to you, you may drink some wine and drink it. If you drink it all, you will get drunk. He retired after getting drunk, but he did not hesitate to leave or stay. The ring is blocked by the wind and the sun, and the wind and the sun are not blocked; the short brown knot is worn, the basket and ladle are often empty, and it is like Yan Ruye. He often writes articles to amuse himself and express his ambitions. Forget about gains and losses, and end up doing this. Zan said: Guizhou Lou's wife said: "Don't worry about poverty and lowliness, don't be obsessed with wealth." Is her words like a human being? Holding a wine cup and composing poems in order to enjoy one's ambitions, how can people without the Huai family be happy? The people of Getian clan?

During the Wei and Jin Dynasties, the family system and the concept of family hierarchy were very popular. It can be said that "there are no poor families in the upper class, and no noble families in the lower class." . Therefore, at the beginning of this article, I wrote that I don’t know who the gentleman is, and I don’t know his last name, which shows Tao Yuanming’s ridicule and dissatisfaction with the clan system. He saw a dark phenomenon in society. No matter how bad their conduct is, some people can become high officials just because they are born in a upper-class family, while some people can become high-ranking officials just because they are born in a lower-class family, no matter how hard they work and excel. Unable to become a high official and realize one's ambitions.

After Tao Yuanming retired to seclusion, he personally planted a five-baht willow tree to express his nobility and indifference. Tao Yuanming is a forthright person who likes to be lively and chats with friends, but why does he say that he is quiet and talks little in the article? This actually fully demonstrated his political attitude. From then on, he had no interest in worldly affairs and no ambition for vanity.

In the Jin Dynasty, there was a custom of reading, which was to not cling to words, but only to get the pleasure of reading. This It is a kind of exploratory spirit in reading, and it also shows the demeanor of a noble and famous person. Therefore, in the article, Mr. Wuliu is such a good reader who does not seek to understand deeply. He even forgot to eat when he was so happy with the reading.

Mr. Wu Liu likes to drink, just like Tao Yuanming has an indissoluble bond with wine. Wine is an indispensable part of his life. Tao Yuanming became the first person to use wine into poetry. Tao Yuanming lived a casual and free life. After retiring into seclusion, he had no income and his life was even more difficult. Although the house was dilapidated and he had no money to buy wine, he was still able to be content and content, forgetting the lack of material life.

When he talked about the empty baskets and ladles, it reminded people of a wonderful dialogue in "The Analects of Confucius·Yong Ye", where Confucius Evaluation of disciple Yan Hui:

"A basket of food, a ladle of drink, in the back alleys, people can't bear their worries, but they won't change their happiness even when they return home." Oh, come back!"

That is to say, Yan Hui used bamboo utensils to serve food every day, used wooden ladles to scoop water to drink, and lived in a simple small house. Xiang, this is a life of hardship that others cannot bear, but Yan Hui is still happy. How noble, Yan Hui!

At this time, Mr. Wu Liu often liked to write articles to entertain himself, to express his aspirations and interests, and no longer care about the moment. Gains and losses, and spend your life safely and smoothly.

Qian Lou

The praise said: Qian Lou's wife once said: "Don't worry about poverty and low status, and don't be keen on getting rich and becoming an official." Is this probably talking about people like Mr. Wu Liu?

Qian Lou was a famous Taoist in the Qi State during the Warring States Period and a true hermit. He had no intention of becoming an official and invited many people to Resign from the position of prince. After his death, Zengzi came to express his condolences, and Qian Lou's wife said to him: "Qian Lou is willing to enjoy the taste of the world, and he is content with the humble position of the world. He is not concerned about poverty and lowliness, and is not obsessed with wealth. Seek benevolence and you will get benevolence. Seek benevolence and you will get benevolence. Righteousness leads to righteousness.” It can be seen that Qian Lou is a real person who does not pursue fame and fortune.

Mr. Wu Liu likes to drink and write poems at the same time. He feels extremely happy because of his ambition. I don’t know that he is Wu Huaishi. What about the people of the era? Or are they people from Ge Tianshi's era?

Wuhuai & Ge Tianshi

Wu Huaishi and Ge Tianshi are both legendary ancient emperors. When they were in power, the social atmosphere was simple and simple. Harmony, there are not so many intrigues and clique ideas, just as Zhuangzi said, "enjoy your food, please your clothes, be happy with your customs, and live in peace." What a wonderful society.

Although there is still controversy about the author of "The Biography of Mr. Wu Liu", the editor still believes that Mr. Wu Liu He is Tao Yuanming, and Tao Yuanming is Mr. Wu Liu. Because of their noble character and their common hobbies, they can be said to be the most ideal characters in the hearts of Chinese scholars.