Where is Lu Youyou’s Shanxi village?

Lu You's "Visit to Shanxi Village" is a famous aphorism and very popular. It is often selected as a textbook for primary and secondary schools. However, in great contrast with the popularity of the poem, "Shanxi Village" "It is still hidden in the mountains and no one knows about it. Different people have different opinions in the academic circles. There are Shanyin West Village and Kuaiji Yunmen West Village According to some theories, some people even misunderstood the literal meaning and made it a joke in a village in Shanxi Province.

Therefore, it is necessary to make a practical demonstration, which is correct It is also meaningful to understand Lu You's poetry and promote the research of Shaoxing literature and history and the integrated development of culture and tourism.

Normally, a poem does not happen by chance. Individuals that exist in isolation, but organisms that are inherited, developed, and universally connected. Lu You's "ten thousand poems in sixty years" constitute a poetic field of textual recurrence.

Here, we read the text carefully, Extract key words and phrases from Lu You's poems, conduct mutual verification between poems, use poems to interpret poems, decipher and restore the truth about Shanxi Village in "Visiting Shanxi Village".

Our point of view, Shanxi Village refers to Shanin Husang Daixi Village, now Shaoxing CityHushang Village, Dongpu Town, Yuecheng Districtand its west area.

"Visiting Shanxi Village":< em>Moxiao’s farmhouse is full of cured wine, and in good years there are plenty of chickens and dolphins. Mountain darkly, vista. The flutes and drums follow the spring society, and the clothes and clothes are simple and ancient. From now on, if I am allowed to take advantage of the moonlight, I will knock on the door all the time and night with my stick.

This poem was written in the third year of Emperor Xiaozong’s reign in the Song Dynasty ( In the early spring of 1167 (1167), Lu You was 43 years old, and the location was Sanshan Villa, Jinghu Lake, Shanyin. Bieyebuju was born in 1166, after the poet was forced to leave his post and return home because he "made friends with Taiwan to give advice, drummed to sing about right and wrong, and strongly advocated Zhang Jun's use of troops."

Focus on the first and second sentences< strong>Chicken, pig, and wine.

In 1166, Lu You wrote "Randomness" in Shanin Poem: "Chickens and dolphins are cheap when the years are good." When the years are good, chickens and dolphins are sold cheaply, forming an intertextuality with "In good years, chickens and dolphins are sold cheaply."

In 1196, Lu You wrote "Village Drinking" in Shanyin The poem "Song of Showing Neighbors": "Sitting by the stream at sunset, watching Ermuchickens and dolphins. Fortunately, you can cook the carvings, and there are alsosocial wine." I raise chickens and dolphins at home, and I also have Shejiuhun, which can be read opposite to Lajiuhun and Zujihun.

Lajiu is the mash wine brewed in the twelfth month of the lunar calendar , turbid and thick, almost like the Shejiu brewed on Chunshe Day. For example, "Four Poems of Spring Society Part 2": "The meat of the community is as strong as the wine of the forest community, and the neighbors come to pray for a good harvest."

Read three or four sentences at a time, which is a famous couplet through the ages. Natural and rich in philosophy, it is often quoted. These two sentences Lu You comprehensively drew on related poems by Wang Wei, Bai Juyi, Liu Zongyuan, Wang Anshi, etc., and creatively used the poem "First sight in the distant mountains" by Qiang Yanwen, a poet in the Shaoxing period of the Song DynastyThere is no way out, but the winding path is slow and slowJianyou Village".

The fourth sentence "The willows are dark and the flowers are bright", from "Sunset" by Li Shangyin Building": "The flowers are bright and the willows are darkaround Heaven is worried." The scenery in this couplet is not entirely realistic, but a combination of reality and reality based on the inspiration of previous works.

Some commentators believe that the three mountains are just three mountains The small mound is 20 or 30 meters high, and there is no scene of "mountains and rivers" nearby. This excludes the possibility that this poem was written in or near Sanshan.

After seeing it on the ground, it is indeed what I saw, but In Lu You's Sanshan poems, he wrote many times that "the mountains are heavy and the water is restored", which means that the mountains are not high, but the people are famous. For example, "Living without guests and spending the day with pen, inkstone, paper and ink, just writing long sentences": "The water is as heavy as the mountain< /strong>The guests are few and far between, and the four scholars in the study are alone and dependent on each other."

Recovering from mountains and riverscowardly It's cold, I can stand and watch through the window." The nunnery is the old school nunnery, located in Sanshan.

Once again proves that the third and fourth sentences are the poet's combination of fiction and reality The artistic processing has no lack of motivation for imagination and ideal transformation.

Sanshan is connected to Husangdai in the west, and Husangdai has The village name is Xicun, which is the Shanxi village temporarily named by Lu You.

The fourth sentence, although it comes from Li Shangyin’s poem, is also Describe the actual scene. There are indeed flowers and willows in the West Village, such as "Four Poems on Early Spring, Part 4": "A wisp of smoke in the West Village, willows are weak and small peach blossoms." "Three Poems on a Snowy Night, Part 2": "Work hard to make a pot, and you can see the flowers and willows in the West Village." West Village It is the Shanxi village in Lu You's poem.

Look at the fifth and sixth sentences. The fifth sentence focuses on Xiaogu and Chunshe. Chunshe is the fifth Wu day after the beginning of spring. It was the day for worshiping the earth god in ancient times.

It is suitable to drink alcohol on social days, which is called social wine; it is suitable to drink Drums are used for celebration and are called social drums. For example, in Wang Anshi's "Song of Yuanfeng": "One hundred coins can get you a drink, even if you don't hear the drum for a long time."

Lu You's poems about Spring Club mostly talk about wine and drum. For example, "Four Poems of Spring Society Part 2" "The meat of the community is as strong as the wine in the forest community, and the neighbors come to pray for a good harvest. I can describe the weather of peace, and it is all in the drums of the community in winter."

"Chunshe Rixiao Mr. Wanling's Four Style Poems" ·The Second Society Drum": "Sanjia City is a wine flag, and tobacco is ten miles away. The drums in the forest are heard in winter, and it is the time of spring society." Sanjia City is Sanjia Village, that is, West Village.

Lu You's poems also include flutes and drums. "Wanbumenwai Shumu": "The song calls Cao Shi to know people's joy, and the flutes and drums are clustered in the temple to celebrate the new year." Cao Shi is the Xicun Cao Shi. At that time, there were religious sites such as Liugu Temple near Sanshanbieye and Xicun, which facilitated social day activities.

In the sixth sentence, some commentators believe that three mountains separate each other. The area around Ye is not far from the city, and the villagers' clothes and clothes cannot be so simple, and their customs cannot be so ancient. This is not the case, as evidenced by Lu You's poems.

For example, "Six Poems on the Mixture of Autumn and Winter" "Five": "The clothes and hats are simple, and the farm preparation is difficult." "Returning to the West Village at Dusk": "After the weather is clear and the weather is good, the local customs are pure and ancient."

"West Village": "Suspected to be the ancient people of Xihuang , and I am afraid of planting peaches to avoid the Qin Dynasty." Several West Village poems are written in an ancient and simple style, like a peach blossom garden and the people of ancient times.

Then look at the seventh and eighth sentences, focusing on the Stick, knock on the door. Lu You likes to use a stick or a walking stick, and often uses it to travel to the West Village. For example, "Four Poems of Early Spring·Part 4": "There is a wisp of smoke in the West Village, and the willows are weak and the little peaches are beautiful. To know where the spring breeze is, sir, hold a stick in front of it."

"Yu Ji's Travel Book Story": "Ten Days" The bitter rain cleared up one day, so I walked to the West Village with a stick and a brush." ​​"West Village": "A small peach garden deep in the chaotic mountains, knocking on the door to ask for the remembrance of past years."

The stick and stick in the poem "Visiting Shanxi Village" The action of knocking on the door is classically reproduced in Nishimura's poems.

Finally, let’s give a complete poem related to "Traveling to Shanxi" Read "Village" as a whole to further confirm the conclusion that Shanxi Village is the West Village.

"Walking to Sanjia Village": Human simplicity and ancient customs, Passing through Sanjia Water Village at dusk. It is said that the house is always closed all the year round, and it is still heard that people have been intermarrying for many generations. When the boat returns, the fish and meal are delicious, and when the community is fragrant, the millet is fragrantThe wine is muddy . Remember Fang Wengsupport stickAt dusk, the tobacco in Zhupu is wet.

Lu You wrote in his own note: The name of Husangdai West Village. Xicun, also known as Sanjiacun, is different from the name Sanjiacun that Lu Youqian called Sanshanbieye. The ancient custom of simple human feelings exists, that is, the ancient custom of simple clothes and clothes; when the community urn is fragrant, the millet and wine are muddy, that is, the wax and wine are muddy; the walking stick is a walking stick. The two poems overlap in many places, which is no accident.

Lu You's poem notes say that the West Village is in Sanshan. The basis may be based on the "Jiaqing Shanyin County Chronicle": "Lu Fangweng's house is in Sanshan, and the place name is Xicun." However, Lu You's poems such as "Xicun", "Visit to Xicun" and "Walking to Xicun" have already stated that Xicun is a certain distance from Sanshan.

Of course, West Village is not far from Sanshanbieye, In the Song Dynasty, it was a market near the water, such as the wine market, fish market, etc. written by Lu You. The poet often traveled and visited, either by boat or by land.

To sum up, Lu You's "Visiting Shanxi Village" of Shanxi The village should be Husangdai West Village. Husangdai, also known as Husangweir and Fusangdai, was renamed Husangdai in the Ming Dynasty. It is one of the main weirs and dams in Jianhu Lake.

Next to Jian Lake in the south, there is Shili Lake Known as Mulberry, it is located in Huzhang Village and its west area, Dongpu Town, Yuecheng District, Shaoxing City today.