Lesson 11 "The Story of the Nuclear Boat" compiled by the People's Education Press for eighth-grade Chinese language by Wei Xuezhen - reading + courseware

"Nuclear Boat" translation :There was a man with special skills in the Ming Dynasty named Wang Shuyuan. He could carve palaces, utensils, figures, birds, animals, trees, and stones out of wood one inch in diameter. One piece does not simulate the shape of those things based on the original shape of the wood, each has its own expression and posture. He once gave me a small boat carved from a peach stone. The original carving was Su Dongpo's boat trip to Red Cliff. //The boat is about eight minutes long from beginning to end, and about two millet grains high. The raised and open part in the middle is the cabin, which is covered with a canopy made of bamboo leaves. There are small windows on the side, four on the left and on the right, for a total of eight. Open the window and see the carved railings facing each other. After closing the window, you can see the inscription "The mountain is high and the moon is small, the water will come to light" on the right side, and "The breeze comes slowly, the water is calm" on the left side. The recesses with the inscriptions are painted with azurite. //The one in the middle, wearing a tall hat and having many beards, is Su Dongpo, Foyin is on his right, and Huang Luzhi is on his left. Su Dongpo and Huang Luzhi looked at a long scroll of calligraphy and painting together. Dongpo held the right end of the painting with his right hand and gently pressed Lu Chi's back with his left hand. Lu Zhi was holding the left end of the picture frame with his left hand and pointing at the picture frame with his right hand, as if he was speaking something. Su Dongpo showed his right foot, Huang Luzhi showed his left foot. They were both slightly sideways, with their knees touching each other hidden in the folds of their clothes under the scroll. Monk Foyin is very much like the Maitreya Bodhisattva in Buddhism. He opens his chest, exposes his breasts, and looks up. His expression is not similar to that of Su Dongpo or Huang Luzhi. Foyin lay down on his right knee, bent his right arm to support the boat, raised his left knee, and hung a string of rosary beads on his left arm against his left knee - the rosary beads could be counted clearly. //There is an oar placed across the stern of the boat. There is a punter on each side of the oar. The person on the right has a vertebral bun, his face is raised, his left hand is leaning on a crossbar, and his right hand is holding his right toes, as if shouting loudly. The person on the left is holding a palmetto fan in his right hand and stroking the stove with his left hand. There is a kettle on the stove. The man is looking directly at the tea stove with a calm expression, as if listening to the sound of tea. //The bottom of the boat is slightly flat, and the name is engraved on it. The text is "On the autumn day of Renxu, Wang Yishu of Yushan was just engraved when he was far away." (The handwriting) is as thin as a mosquito's feet, the strokes are clear, and its color is black. There is also a stamp with seal characters engraved on it. The text is: "Chu Pingshan people", and its color is red. //A total of five people are engraved on a nuclear boat; eight windows are engraved; a bamboo awning, a paddle, a stove, a teapot, a hand scroll, and a rosary are engraved; there are couplets, titles, and seal characters carved in total. Thirty-four. But its length is less than an inch. It turns out that they were carved from long and narrow peach stones. Hee, this skill is really clever and wonderful!

1 Structural analysis: The article adopts the structural model of "total-division-total": firstly, "the length of the bow and stern of the boat is about eight minutes, and the height is about two millimeters" and then introduces the cabin. , bow, stern, this is the logical sequence from [whole] to [part]. According to the order of cabin, bow and stern, the spatial order from the middle to both sides and the logical order from [primary] to [secondary] are used. The three people on the front of the ship are written in the spatial order from the middle to the two sides and in the logical order from [primary] to [secondary]. The boat at the stern is written in [space] order from right to left.

The first paragraph summarizes: "Qiqiao" summarizes the characteristics of the carving process and leads the full text.

Explanation from the second to fourth paragraphs: The words carved by the carver hint at the theme of the nuclear boat; the three people have their own moods and are lifelike; the boatman is leisurely on the right and focused on the left.

Summary of the fifth paragraph: "Dingqiao" echoes "Qiqiao", echoing from beginning to end, praising Wang Shuyuan's ingenious conception and superb skills in carving, and praising the hardworking and wise working people of ancient my country.

2. Content analysis:

(1) "Qiqiao": It is always said that Wang Shuyuan's achievements in carving technology are outstanding, and the general leader writes the full text.

(2) "Can use wood of an inch in diameter to build palaces, utensils, people, and even birds, beasts, wood and stones, regardless of the situation, pictograms, and each has its own mood.": A summary of the raw materials is small and The wide range of themes shows Wang Shuyuan's exquisite conception and his outstanding achievements in sculpture.

(3) "Gai Da Su Pan Chibi Cloud": explain the theme of the nuclear boat.

(4) The word "close" corresponds to the word "open". What does one open and one close mean?

Answer: The sequence of introduction is written: from outside the boat to inside the boat and then from inside the boat to outside, guiding readers to watch carefully and leading to the text on the window.

(5) Why are the sixteen characters in the couplet on the window engraved and no other words engraved?

Answer: The sixteen characters in the article are famous sentences in the "Red Cliff Ode" before and after. They echo the "Da Su Pan Chibi" in the previous paragraph, are relevant, and can inspire readers to think about Zhouwai Red Cliff scenery. The author's true description of them is enough to show his meticulous observation of nuclear boats, and also emphasizes Wang Shuyuan's superb skills from the side.

(6) What does the sentence "The length of the bow and stern of the boat is about eight minutes, and the height is about two millimeters" mainly explain? What is intended to highlight?

Answer: It mainly explains the small size of the nuclear boat, and is intended to highlight Wang Shuyuan's superb skills.

(7) What is the function of "open the window and look at the railing facing each other"?

Answer: It highlights the flexible and delicate characteristics of the window and the exquisite carving.

(8) Sentences that highlight the image characteristics of Su Dongpo: The person with a tall crown and many beards is Dongpo.

(9) Sentences about the friendly relationship between Su and Huang and mutual exchanges: [left hand caressing Lu Zhi's back] [right hand scrolls, if there is something to say] [Su and Huang read a hand scroll together; left hand Caress Lu to straighten his back; if there is something to say]

(10) Sentences about the Buddha's imprint, which are unrestrained and otherworldly: bare breasts and breasts, straighten your head and look up.

(11) The third paragraph uses appearance description and demeanor description of the character. Which sentence in the first paragraph is confirmed?

Answer: Regardless of the situation, each image has its own mood.

(12) Why is Su Dongpo introduced first in the third paragraph?

Answer: ① It is consistent with the theme of the nuclear boat "Da Su Pan Chibi"; ② The front introduction window is engraved with Su Dongpo's poem; ③ The position of the three people is in the middle of Dongpo. It can be seen that Su Dongpo is the main character, so he is written first.

(13) What is the main purpose of writing the expressions of the three people?

Answer: I admire the sculptor’s superb skills.

(14) What is the function of "lying on the stern of the boat"? What is implied?

Answer: The word "pan" refers to a laissez-faire and leisurely state.

(15) The fourth paragraph is divided into categories: Zhouzi on the right looks relaxed and leisurely, while Zhouzi on the left looks focused and calm.

(16) Why did the author write about the movements and expressions of the two boatmen?

Answer: It exaggerates the relaxed and pleasant atmosphere in the boat, giving viewers a real sense of rafting on the river, more effectively highlighting the theme of "rafting", and further suggesting a sense of laissez-faire. The leisurely state echoes the scene on the bow of the ship.

(17) Why is the back of the ship abbreviated?

Answer: Because the back of the ship is an accessory part of the carving, it is intended to highlight the theme of the nuclear boat and also demonstrate the author's skill in distinguishing priorities. (18) The last paragraph uses the explanatory method of listing numbers and making comparisons to highlight the superb skills of the sculptor.

(19) The sentence that highlights the center of the full text is: Hey, the skills are so weird! This sentence expresses the author's admiration for Wang Shuyuan's superb carving skills and his praise for the hardworking and wise working people of ancient my country.

(20) Why does the author count the number of items and words on the "nuclear boat" at the end of the paragraph? Answer: Let the readers come to the conclusion that the nuclear boat has a large capacity and has many scenes engraved on it, and then compares it with "Its length is not enough" to highlight the exquisite craftsmanship of the sculptor, which naturally leads to the following sentence of admiration. And it corresponds to the first natural paragraph and highlights the center.

(21) What is the function of the last paragraph in the text?

Answer: Summarize the whole text and echo the beginning. It highlights the small size of the nuclear boat and the superb carving skills.

(22) Where is the exquisiteness of this craft art mainly reflected?

Answer: ① The materials used are small in size; ② There are many things engraved; ③ The mood of the things engraved is complete.