The courseware of the ninth grade Chinese volume 1 "1. Qinyuanchun·Snow" edited by the Ministry

Electronic Textbook

Knowledge points

1. Introduction to the author

Mao Zedong (1893—1976), courtesy name Runzhi, pen name Ziren. Born in Shaoshan, Xiangtan, Hunan. Great proletarian revolutionist, military strategist, thinker, poet, calligrapher. He has a high attainment in literature and has created a large number of poems in his life. His poems and works are full of vigor and open artistic conception, depicting a magnificent picture of the Chinese revolution and expressing the feelings of a great revolutionary.

Second, story background

In 1936, after the Japanese imperialists invaded and occupied the three northeastern provinces, they extended their claws To North China, the country and the nation are at a critical moment of survival. Mao Zedong led the Red Army's Long March troops to Yuanjiagou, Qingjian County, northern Shaanxi, and was ready to march across the river to the front line of the Anti-Japanese War. In order to inspect the terrain, Mao Zedong once climbed on the snow-covered plateau at an altitude of 1,000 meters. When the great rivers and mountains "thousands of miles of ice" appeared in front of him, he couldn't help feeling a lot of emotion, and he happily wrote this bold and unrestrained poem. words. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War in 1945, Mao Zedong went to Chongqing to negotiate with the Kuomintang. During this period, the poet Liu Yazi "asked for a sentence" from Mao Zedong, and Mao Zedong presented "Qinyuanchun·Snow" as a gift.

Three, stylistic knowledge

Ci, which flourished in the Sui and Tang Dynasties and prevailed in the Song Dynasty, is sung with music and has irregular sentence patterns, also known as "long and short sentences". The words were originally sung with music, and they are called "tune words". Later, Ci, like Yuefu Poetry, gradually separated from music and became a different style of poetry, so some people called Ci "poetry surplus". According to the number of words, words can be divided into Xiaoling (within 58 characters), middle tune (59-90 characters), and long tune (more than 91 characters).

Structurally, it is generally composed of Ci Pai, title, upper tie (piece) and lower tie (piece). Cipai is the name of the tone of a poem, which stipulates the number of words, the number of sentences, and the level of the word. The title is generally a concentrated expression of the content of the word, summarizing the main content of the word.

Fourth, understand the meaning of words

1. Only a vast expanse of whiteness remains. Only remaining, only remaining. Mangmang, the word means boundless. 2. Must: wait until.

3. Red makeup and plain wrapping: Describes the magnificent scenery of sunny days after snow, red sun and white snow. Red dress originally refers to women's colorful clothes, and the middle word refers to the red sun shining on the earth. Plain wrapping originally refers to women's light clothing, and the middle word refers to the snow-covered earth.

4. Enchanting: Delicate and beautiful.

5. Bow: Bow, pour.

6. Literary talent: This refers to rhetoric. The term is used to summarize culture in a broad sense, including politics, thought, and culture.

7. Coquettish: It originally refers to "Guofeng" in "Book of Songs" and "Li Sao" in "Chu Ci". The term is used to summarize culture in a broad sense, including politics, thought, and culture.

8. It's all over: it's all over. All, both.

9. Romance: The word refers to a hero who can make contributions.

5. Text level

Shangyu: Describe the snow scene in the northern country, use the scenery to express emotion, and warmly praise the great rivers and mountains of the motherland.

Xiawen: An overview of the heroes of the past dynasties, expressing the lofty ambition and heroism of the poets feelings.

6. Problem summary

1. The last column describes the snow scene in the north, which few sentences are the general Write? Which sentences are written separately? What kind of northern scenery is described?

"Northern scenery—thousands of miles of snow drifting" is the general writing, "Looking inside and outside the Great Wall—extraordinarily enchanting" is the sub-writing "thousands of miles of ice , Thousands of miles of snow drifting." (Note "seal" and "piao"; intertextual) The first sentence creates a world of ice and snow, a vast and boundless realm, combining movement and stillness in writing.

2. Which sentence does the word "Wang" lead to in the upper column ? "Mountains dance with silver snakes, the original galloping wax elephants", how can mountains dance like silver snakes, and how can plateaus run like white elephants?

The word "hope" leads to "desire to be higher than the public test". Below the word "Wang" is a majestic landscape. "Great Wall" and "Yellow River" are the symbols of the spirit of the Chinese nation, which can best reflect the style of the northern country, and correspond to "thousands of miles" and "thousands of miles", continuing to describe the vastness of the territory. "Mountain Dance Silver Snake, Yuan Chi Wax Elephant" uses metaphor and anthropomorphism to personify "mountain" and "yuan". The snowflakes are dynamic, saying that the "mountain" is "dancing" and "the original" is "riding", vividly writing the snow for thousands of miles, changing from static to dynamic, the picture is vivid and the scenery is extremely spectacular!

3. How did the poet turn from praising the mountains and rivers of the motherland to commenting on historical figures?

"Jiangshan is like this——compete to bend the waist", a transitional sentence that connects the past and the future. "Jiao" is a kind of feminine beauty, which echoes "wrapped in red and plain, extraordinarily enchanting". "Calling countless heroes to bow down" leads to the following. The word "competition" describes the fierce struggle between heroes, and the successive rise of heroes. The image of "bending" can best summarize the motivation and attitude of each hero.

4. What does the word "xi" in the next column contain for the author? emotion? Which historical figures were commented on? What does "slightly" and "slightly" do? What is the difference between "slightly lost", "slightly inferior" and "only aware"?

The word "xi" is euphemistic and accurate, derogatory and praiseful, affirming Qin Shihuang , Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty, Taizu of Song Dynasty, and Genghis Khan's illustrious military exploits also pointed out their weaknesses of lack of literary talent and literary talent. "Slightly" and "slightly" make the author's comments on historical figures objective, accurate and proper. Compared with "slightly lost" and "slightly inferior" and "only knowledge", the procedures of praise and criticism are different, and the degree of negation of "only knowledge" is greater than the former.

5. How to understand "everything goes, counting romantic people, Still looking at today"?

Those emperors in ancient times have passed away. It depends on the present, on the people. The two verbs "count" and "watch" show confidence in the Chinese proletariat. All the heroes and figures of the past have been swept away by the torrent of history. Only today's proletariat is the real driving force for the advancement of history and the greatness of the motherland. The well-deserved master of Heshan.

6. What are the characteristics of this initial word?

The language of this poem is very concise, appropriate and expressive. With only 114 characters in the whole word, it clearly draws a picture of the scenery of the northern country, comments on the historical figures of thousands of years in a very measured manner, and expresses the ambition of the poet. "Wang" and "cherish" lead the text; the verbs "seal", "piao", "dance" and "chi" are a combination of movement and static; There are various rhetorical techniques of metaphor, duality and personification in the words, and short sentences are often used in the sentence structure, and the four-character sentences are the main ones, so the rhythm is clear. This makes the whole word quite bold and unconstrained in rhythm.

7. This poem is intended to praise the contemporary "romantic people", so why capitalize the snow scene and comment on the emperor?

The poet describes the severe winter snow scene in the northern country, expresses the magnificence of the mountains and rivers, expresses his love, and uses his rich and unique imagination to create an On the vast screen, the beauty of the sun shining on the earth is presented. It is precisely because "the country is so beautiful", so it is natural to draw countless heroes who bow down for it. The poet commented on the five feudal emperors with the word "pity", "slightly inferior", "slightly inferior", and "only knowledgeable". Achievement. Some poets pave the way for the evaluation of the heroes of the past dynasties, and the main theme of the following "count the romantic figures, but also look at the present" is a matter of course.

Seven, text theme

This poem expresses the poet's love for the magnificence of the motherland by describing the majestic, magnificent and enchanting snow scene in the north, and discussing the heroes in history. Heshan's love, thus expressing his great ambition and firm belief.

Graphic Interpretation