Lesson 17 "Hukou Waterfall" of the second grade of eighth grade Chinese edited by the People's Education Edition - reading + courseware

"Hukou Waterfall" is a lyrical prose borrowed from the scenery. The author uses vivid language to describe the majesty and majesty of Hukou Waterfall in detail, and warmly praises the magnificent rivers and mountains of the motherland. By writing about the character of the Yellow River, which is "holding but not submitting", "pressing but not bending", and "going forward bravely", the Yellow River is endowed with a national spirit that is invincible, invincible, and tenacious.

Hukou is on the border between Shanxi and Shaanxi provinces, and I have been there twice.

The first time was the rainy season. Before departure, someone warned: "It is the most dangerous time to look at Hukou, so don't go to the river beach. It happens that it is raining upstream, and there is no time for a flood peak to come down. Go ashore." Sure enough, when the car was still halfway up the mountain, I heard the sound of the waves faintly like thunder, and the valley was filled with fog. We boldly went down to the beach, and the river was like a pot of boiling water. The Hukou Waterfall does not fall from a high place, allowing people to look up at the vertical water curtain, but falls from the flat ground to a lower ditch, and people can only look down at the water that has been sucked away hastily. At that time, it was the official rainy season, and the ditch had been filled with foam, but the water above was still rushing in, rushing in... I was looking for the imaginary waterfall in the fog, but the water soaked the ditch bank, The mist covered the chaotic rocks, except for the rushing water vapor and the deafening sound of the waves, I couldn't see or hear anything. There was only one terrible alert: it seemed that a flood peak would suddenly appear to swallow me up. So, after a few hurried glances, I fled in a hurry, and looked back at the white smoke on the shore, my heart was still beating...

1. The first visit focuses on the dangerous, terrifying and thrilling feeling that Hukou Waterfall brings to people, paving the way for the detailed description and enthusiastic praise of Hukou Waterfall below.

2. The underlined sentence uses metaphors to vividly describe the ferocious scene of the water of the Yellow River rolling up and down in the rainy season.

The second time I saw the Yellow River, I chose a dry season. Just after the cold spring, the mountains are still green, and the bottom of the valley looks very open. We calmly descended to the bottom of the ditch. At this time, the Yellow River was like a huge stone bed, covered with a layer of soft fine sand, which was solid and soft when stepped on. I walked all the way to the center of the river. It turned out that there was another river in the center of the river, a deep ditch that suddenly sank. The locals called it "Dragon Trough". I leaned on a big rock and looked upstream. The dragon trough was on top of the wide river, forming a T-shaped shape. The river rushes in rows from the 500-meter-wide river channel, like thousands of troops, squeezing each other, bumping into each other, pushing and shoving, rushing forward and back, crashing into the stone wall, and the rows of yellow waves are broken into piles in an instant. Pile of snow. The mountains are cold gray, the sky is silent blue, it seems that only water exists in the universe. When the river was galloping like this, a deep ditch with a width of more than 40 meters suddenly appeared under their feet. Before they had time to think about it, they all fell into it, more gushing, more crowded, and more urgent. There are whirlpools flying around the bottom of the ditch. The local people said that once a black pig fell into it, and when it floated up again, all the hairs on its body were plucked out. I shuddered unknowingly.

1. This section describes the characteristics of the river upstream. It got its name from the geographical structure of the "T" shape and the writing of "hukou". Then describe the upstream water potential.

2 Underline sentence understanding:

①Verb: It depicts the movement of water and shows the amazing power of the Yellow River.

②Repeated words: The image of "Pai Pai" expresses the characteristics of the surging water of the Hukou Waterfall of the Yellow River.

③ Metaphor and personification: vividly describe the state of the Yellow River rushing forward, like thousands of troops rushing to the river bank. Highlight the stunning momentum of Hukou Waterfall.

3. "I shuddered when I heard it" shows the shocking majesty of Hukou Waterfall from the side.

The Yellow River changes from wide to narrow here, from high to low. I can see that the flat water seems to be sucked by an invisible big hole, and suddenly gathers into a bunch, and flows into the dragon trough. Rumbling forward, first fell on the rock, turned over and fell again, fell three times, fell four times, Yichuan Dashui was smashed like this, shattered into dots, shattered into mist. A rainbow rises from the bottom of the ditch, across the dragon trough, through the mist, and disappears into the blue background of the distant mountains. Of course, such a narrow mouth of the pot can't hold so much water for a while, so the torrent rushes to both sides, rushing down along the edge of the dragon trough, flat, big, thick and solemn like a flying carpet shaking off from the sky. No, it was rolled out like a roll of steel plate, indeed there was that kind of solemnity and that kind of violence. Even so, Hukou still couldn't collect all the yellow waves in the river, so some went their own way, took advantage of the gaps, and turned back and forth. They spread out on the beach walls on both sides of the dragon trough, or diamonds. Looking for cracks, it gurgles like a spring; or it flows across the stone slabs, and it gurgles into a stream; or it is sandwiched between stones, whirling mournfully. There are also those hanging along the wall, shining like strands of silk... And all of these are hidden in the wet mist, covered in a rainbow of seven colors, like a symphony, a freehand painting. I suddenly fell into contemplation, how the small mouth of the jug in front of me can suddenly gather all the forms of water such as sea, river, waterfall, spring, and fog, and it is compatible with joy, anger, sadness, resentment, sorrow, and all kinds of human emotions. . Is the Creator trying to condense a world in the mouth of this jug?

1. This section describes the characteristics of the river at the Hukou of Longcao: dignified and violent.

2. "Turn over and fall again, fall three times, fall four times, Yichuan Dashui is crushed like this, broken into dots, broken into fog." Sentences using short sentences In this way, it is written that the calmly flowing water of the Yellow River has become more intense and powerful when it reaches Hukou.

3. "The flat ones, the big ones, the thick and solemn ones are shaken from the sky like a flying carpet. No, they are rolled out like a roll of steel plates. They really have that kind of solemnity and that kind of violence."

① Comparing the soft and invisible water to "flying carpet" and "steel plate", it vividly describes the dignified, fierce, unstoppable momentum of the river water.

②The author believes that "blanket falling from the air" is not enough to express the solemnity and violence of Hukou Waterfall, so on the basis of negation, he further uses "steel rolling" as a comparison, and supplements , In comparison, people feel the fierce and unstoppable momentum of Hehui water flow.

4. "Then there were some who took their own way, took advantage of the gap, and turned back and forth. They spread out on the beach walls on both sides of the dragon groove, or diamonds searched for cracks. , gurgling like a spring; or flowing across the stone slabs, gurgling into a stream; or being caught between the stones, mourning and swirling. There are also those hanging along the wall, shining like threads of silk." Using parallelism and personification, the waterfall is written. The slender, soft, and graceful forms, in addition to being fierce, seem to be a little more agile.

5. "All of this is hidden in the wet mist, covered in a colorful rainbow, like a symphony, a freehand painting", using metaphors to describe the sound of water The beauty of water, the color of water, the beauty of posture. Express people's joy and appreciation.

6. Underline sentence understanding:

①The small Hukou Waterfall has various forms of water, is compatible with various human emotions, and symbolizes various human natures. The world here refers to both the objective world and the human emotional world. (The human emotions mentioned here pave the way for the following to reveal the character and national spirit of the Yellow River.)

②Find out the sentences from this paragraph that can express the feelings of joy, anger, sorrow, resentment and sorrow.

Happiness: The ones hanging along the wall are as shiny as silk

Wrath: flat, big, thick and solemn like a flying carpet shaking from the sky. No, it was rolled out like a roll of steel plate, indeed there was that kind of solemnity and that kind of violence.

Mourning: or being caught between stones, mourning whirls

Resentment, sorrow: or diamonds find cracks, gurgling like a spring; or flowing across stone slabs, gurgling into a stream

After looking at the water, I will carefully observe the rocks under my feet. These stubborn things like steel and iron were gouged by water, like honeycombs, and some places were screwed out with smooth pits, and the whole dragon trough was cut neatly by water like this. Go down and cut a deep ditch. People often compare tenderness to water, but once the most gentle and gentle water is oppressed, it will be so furious. It turns out that there is only generosity and no weakness in this softness. When she endures to a certain level, she will fight with strength and struggle. According to Xu Xiake's travel notes, the location of Hukou was still 1,500 meters downstream. You see, day and night, the soft water chops away the hard stone inch by inch.

1. In this section, the stone under the feet is written to praise the power of water, and to use water as a metaphor to endow water people with emotions: "There is generosity in softness and no weakness", Have the courage to resist, fight hard, and have the spirit of perseverance.

2. "Qi Qi", "Cut", "Cun Cun" and "Chop" accurately express the strength of the impact of the Yellow River water on the hard rocks on the river bed, thus showing the firm will of the Yellow River water, Unremitting efforts, perseverance.

3. The article mentions the position of the spout of the Hukou recorded in Xu Xiake's travel notes in order to show that the most soft and gentle water will be so angry once it is oppressed. It turns out that there is only generosity and no weakness in this softness. When she endures to a certain level, she will fight with strength and struggle.

The Yellow River is broad and generous, soft yet firm; press against it without yielding, press without bending; Just like a person, after many hardships, he has his own personality; when the Yellow River is forced up and down, left and right by the mountains and underground rocks on both sides, it has forged its own great character. This greatness flashes out and is seen by us only at the moment of rushing through the mouth of the pot.

1. Catch the Hukou Waterfall again "Broad and generous, soft but firm; hold on but not accept, press but not bend; injustice call out, meet strength and resist, death will live, go forward bravely The characteristics of " (parallel sentence pattern) endow the Yellow River with a kind of national spirit: invincible, invincible, brave to resist, fight hard, and not be intimidated by any difficulties.

2. Understanding of the underlined sentence: People's tenacity and tenacity are often displayed when encountering difficulties and obstacles. Difficulties and hardships are the touchstone for testing people.